2019考研英语二text 1选自2018年4月The Atlantic《大西洋月刊》的一篇文章,原文标题为When Guilt Is Good(当内疚感成为好事)。文章共六段,分为三部分,第一部分指出内疚感是一件好事,认为内疚感令人不舒服这一观念已经过时。第二部分点出内疚感的好处,最后一部分指出科学家对内疚感的研究持肯定态度。为了能让考生了解考研英语,知晓它的难度系数,下面笔者就这篇文章中所出现的关键长难句进行深度解析。
①Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness,fear,and anger,guilt emerges a little later,in conjunction with a child’s growing grasp of social and moral norms.
词汇精解
1.so-called [ˌsoʊ ˈkɔːld] adj. 所谓的
2. emerge [iˈmɜːrdʒ] v. (从隐蔽处或暗处)出现,浮现
3.norm [nɔːrm] n.规范;行为标准
常用搭配
in conjunction with连同…;与…一起
长难句解析
Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness,fear,and anger,guilt emerges a little later,in conjunction with a child’s growing grasp of social and moral norms.
主干:guilt emerges.典型主谓结构,内疚感出现。
修饰成分:Unlike so-called basic emotions 是状语,such as sadness,fear,and anger举例说明emotions的具体内容。a little later为时间状语,修饰动词emerge。后半部分in conjunction with a child’s growing grasp 为伴随状语,of social and moral norms为介词短语做后置定语修饰grasp,是典型的A of B的结构,翻译的时候参照B的A这种顺序进行翻译,即社会的道德规范的掌握,此处grasp需注意,是名词,为掌握,而不是动词。关于状语部分的翻译能除原因状语,目的状语,结果状语外,最好都前置翻译。
段落译文:不像所谓的基本情绪,如悲伤,恐惧和愤怒,伴随着孩子对社会的道德规范的日渐掌握,内疚感出现的稍晚一点。
② There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,says Amrisha Vaish,a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia,adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren’t binary—feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another.
词汇精解
1.revival [rɪˈvaɪvl] n. 复苏;复兴
2. psychology [saɪˈkɑːlədʒi] n. 心理学
3.binary[ˈbaɪnəri] adj.二元的
4.advantageous [ˌædvənˈteɪdʒəs] adj.有利的;有好处的
常用搭配
in conjunction with连同…;与…一起
长难句解析
There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,says Amrisha Vaish,a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia,adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren’t binary—feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another.
主干:There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,says Amrisha Vaish.句子主干中包含了两个what引导的并列从句,位于介词about之后,故为宾语从句,由and连接。翻译过来是阿穆瑞莎·瓦西依说:应该重新思考什么是内疚和内疚可以扮演什么角色。
修饰成分:a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia作Amrisha Vaish的同位语,adding that......为状语,后面接了一个从句that this revival is part of a larger recognition,在动词add之后,故为宾语从句。本句复杂点在于从句中还包含了一个从句,即that emotions aren’t binary,此从句主谓宾完整不缺成分,且修饰前面的名词emotions,所以是典型的同位语从句。破折号后feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another.为同位语,起补充说明的作用。此部分包含了一个从句,因为从句缺主语且修饰名词feelings,所以是定语从句。
段落译文:弗吉尼亚大学心理学研究院阿穆瑞莎·瓦西依说:应该重新思考什么是内疚和内疚可以扮演什么角色。他补充说道,这是一种更广泛的认识的一部分,即情感不是双重的,在一种情境中有利的情感在另一种情感中可能有害。
最后,笔者想说,分析长难句的能力并非一朝一夕速成的,要想在考研英语中取得高分,一定要学习下语法知识,一点一点积累,不断联系,这样才能正确把握句子的意思,拿下长难句。希望笔者的解读对同学们有所帮助。