托福作文开头怎么写

托福作文开头怎么写

新托福考试，即基于互联网的托福考试从2005年1月23号落地大陆，独立写作一直都没有要求写标题，所以不用担心标题的问题。
关于开头，有两个问题需要注意：
速度。考试是的作文不同于平时自由写作，时间至关重要，而且开头在重要性方面比起中间段落要弱不少（仅限在考试情境下哦，考试情况下时间紧迫，考生不太可能在那么短的时间里写出惊天地泣鬼神的开头。同时，考官也有这样的预期，会把重心放在看主体段落上面），所以一定要快。托福独立写作开头建议使用时间不超过3分钟。
结构。如果想快速完成开头，除了平时多加练习之外，学会分解任务至关重要。把开头当做一个大任务，那么分解为三个小任务，每个任务完成了，开头就写完了。
建议开头三个任务：
a. 背景：题目所要讨论的核心话题是什么？它的重要性是什么？有了他，人们，社会，世界会怎么样？没了呢，又会怎么样？说白了，就是一定意义的“忽悠”。不过请注意，如果实在觉得写不出来，那就可以不写，这个部分是可以选择写或者不写。
b. 引出题干：在背景结束之后，开始将题干引出来。引出的方法有三个：
1)反方观点：自己的态度已经确定的情况下，用反方的立场，把话题引出，伺机反驳，为后面引出自己的观点埋下伏笔。
2)双方争议：比较熟悉的方式九十大家知道的，Some people think A；Some people think B. I think A. 不过，建议要写明两方面所持观点的理由，这样会更有说服力。
3)抛出问题：将题干改为一般疑问句或者特殊疑问句。同样，为了会面以回答问题的方法引出个人观点做好准备。
c. 个人观点：个人观点的表述很大程度上依赖题干是如何引出的：
1)如果是反方观点引出，我们当然不同意它，可以写: I disagree. I believe…
2)如果是双方争议，要做出选择。可以写：As for me, I would support A / B.
3)如果是抛出问题，要做出回答。可以写：The answer is…
以下是范例：
题目：Do you agree or disagree?
Universities should spend more money on improving
facilities or hiring good professors.
完整例 1（背景+反方观点+个人观点）
（背景）The quality of a university matters to it own development and also students’ future. There are many critical factors in judging a university and among them, facilities and professors are commonly noticed. （反方观点）Some people would say that the importance of professors outweighs that of facilities, for they are the fundamental competitiveness for any school. （个人观点）I, however, disagree. I believe that better facilities will be more beneficial to us.
完整例 2（背景+双方争议+个人观点）
（背景）The quality of a university matters to it own development and also students’ future. There are many critical factors in judging a university and among them, facilities and professors are commonly noticed. （双方争议）Nowadays, people have conflicting opinions about whether professors weigh more in the progress of a university than facility. （个人观点）As for me, professors are more essential.
完整例 3（背景+抛出问题+个人观点）
（背景）The quality of a university matters to it own development and also students’ future. There are many critical factors in judging a university and among them, facilities and professors are commonly noticed. （抛出问题）Then, the question is which one affects the progress of a university more? （个人观点）The answer is definitely the professors.

托福写作大作文如何开头

1.场景或背景信息
即题目中出现的phenomenon
大作文要求字数至少达到250字，在写作中考虑到字数的合理安排，第一段最好写3-5句话，大约40字左右，并且切忌在第一段就掏心掏肺把什么话都说完。因此大作文开首方式通常有以下几种情况：
✔ 题目中包含了背景信息(phenomenon)，有时也出现一些人的观点，并且题目中字数较多。这种情况下最保险的办法是重写(paraphrase)题目中的背景信息和提出另一些人观点:
✔ 主动语态<=>被动语态
✔ 主谓宾<=>主系表
✔ 某些近义词互换
Example:
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
People today spend too much time on personal enjoyment doing things that they like to do rather than doing things they should do.
Use specific details and example to support your answer.
► In contemporary society, whether people nowadays immerse too much of themselves in personal enjoyment has become a heated discussion. Numerous supporters of the viewpoint claim that an increasing amount of time has been put into self entertainment while others assert that most of the citizens prefer doing things that they should do. 其后再加考生自己的观点即可。
音符动态简约分割线
2.题目中包含了背景信息，有时出现观点
但题目中字数较少
若直接重新表达，字数凑不到40字左右。这种情况下我们有2种开首方式来保证字数。
✔ 就地点细节化来说明题目中的背景信息。
✔ 追溯历史，过去与现在形成对比。
Example:
✔ 1. 就地点细节化来说明题目中的背景信息。
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
It is more important for students to understand ideas and concepts than it is for them to learn facts.
Use specific details and example to support your answer.
► It is a truth universally acknowledge that school is a place where students equip themselves with all sorts of skills before they step into the society. What they should focus on learning has always been a controversial point. Some hold the opinion that... while in my personal perspective,其后加入考生个人观点即可。
✔ 2. 追溯历史，过去与现在形成对比。
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Playing computer games is a waste of time. Children should not be allowed to play them.
Use specific details and example to support your answer.
► From the beginning of 19th century, technology in the world has been developing rapidly, which enables computers players to have easier access to all sorts of digital games. In the last decades, a special phenomenon has been revealed that the proportion of children playing computer games is surging. 其后加入考生个人观点即可。
音符动态简约分割线
3.题目中仅出现部分人的观点
没有背景信息
这种情况下，我们可以根据这部分人的观点所涉及的信息在开首段附加对背景信息的描述。
Example:
The best way to solve the world’s environmental problem is to increase the price of fuel. Do you agree or disagree?
► In the process of industrialization and urbanization, the scope of environmental problem facing the world is getting immense. From Mexico City and New York to Singapore and China new solutions to this problem are being proposed, tried and implemented. Some people believe increasing the price of fuel is the best approach to this problem. 其后加入考生个人观点即可。

托福写作三段式怎么用

通常情况下，我们给大家推荐五段三点式文章结构。即Introduction一段，Body三段，和Conclusion一段。一般第一段会用2-4句话陈述自己的观点，大约60字左右。第2到4段从三个方面论述自己的观点，每段约100字。结尾段用1-3句话总结自己的观点，大约40个字。那么如何具体规划每一个段落呢?
托福高分作文结构规划之开头段
开头段主要用以下几种方法来组织，即背景法(Background)，争议法(Controversy)，提问法(Question)，故事法(Story)和引言法(Quotation)。
以背景法为例。背景法一般会提出一种普遍的或值得关注的现象作为背景或者是由远到近，由大到小地谈论紧扣论题的社会观点作为背景。背景法开头段的结构通常如下：背景(1-3句)+论题+反方观点+(反方理由)+过度+(正方观点)+作者的观点+作者的理由。
点击查看：托福写作三段式写法介绍
例如：Technology makes people's lives more complicated. 题目涉及到了现今社会比较热门的话题---科技。这样，我们就可以以这种社会比较关注的现象作为我们作文的开头背景。因此这个题目的首段就可以这样开始：Technology has had tremendous impacts on every aspect of modern life. However, people are having conflicting opinions about whether it has made people's lives more complicated or not. I believe technology has by and large made our lives more convenient。第一句话就是一句紧贴社会的背景，这样写不但很容易打开考生自己的思路，抓住作文的焦点，还能引起考官的共鸣。
托福高分作文结构规划之中间段落
中间段落的文章结构通常如下：Transitional words + topic sentence + development。如果考生在平时能熟练运用这样的一个结构来展开作文，那么考场上就会凭借这份思维定势来帮助自己抓住每一分。中间三个段落都可以套用这种模式。
(1)Transitional words主要有以下三种，即表顺序：firstly, secondly, finally (last but not least);表并列：besides, in addition;表对比：in contrast, in comparison。这些衔接词会让文章看起来脉络清晰，组织严密，也就做到了评分标准中的“well-organized”一条。
(2)主题句，顾名思义，向考官展示的是考生作文的主要意旨所以它在中间段落中的作用是至关重要的。通常主题句应该注意一下几点：
1.主题句必须是陈述句。有的考生想在写作中创新，于是采用反问句或者其他看似多样化的题目，然而这种多样性带来的后果是给考官观点不明确的印象，很自然地会影响到分数。
2.必须表明观点。如果考生把一句无关痛痒的话放在主题句的位置上，很显然无法表明自身观点。比如像“今天是晴天”这样的话没有表明观点;然而“今天是个好天气”就包含一种感情色彩在里面，给人一种立场明确的感觉。考生应该切记：没有反驳余地的就不可以作为主题句。

TOEFL 开头，比如口语或者写作，有没有什么常用开头。

同学，这个问题太宽泛。托福口语一共有6道题，第1、2道是独立口语题，根据相应问题作答。1题偏重就一个问题陈述观点，如：你觉得最好的朋友应该有哪些品质呀？2题偏重选择观点辩论回答题。如：你觉得在家吃好还是去外边吃好？
3、4题是先读一篇文章，然后听一段与文章相关的听力，然后结合文章和听力回答。如：文章是学校贴布告要修建停车场，听力是两名学生对这则通知的对话，说明自己认同或不认同这样做。你就需要用口语还原出其中一名态度鲜明的同学的观点。
5、6题是先听然后再回答，一道是2人以上的对话，另一道是教授的演讲。由此可看，每道题考察的能力不一样，因此回答方式也是不一样的。
如果你需要常用开头的收集，不如去找每道题回答对应的优秀模板，看得多了，也就可以总结出有针对性的开头方式。口语一般没有固定的表达，问什么，说什么，因为有时间限制，口语最忌讳铺垫，用没有的表达占时间。唯一标准就是，问什么，开门见山答什么。

如何成功完成托福写作开头

模版开头一
when it comes to the topic that…, opinions of the public are of great variety. Admittedly, some people would claim that….. However, I still insist that… My reasons will be listed as follows.
又比如在涉及到A和B两个对象的影响类的题目里，常见模版开头二：
Nowadays, the influence of A on B is a matter for debate for a long time. some people claim that… However, I disagree with them. In my viewpoint, … and the following is my reasons.
模版可以用，但是不建议同学们拿到题目就直接带入模版，一来语言会显得呆板，二来托福官方对模版的态度为“不扣分，不加分”，因此模版对于想要高分的同学学来说并没有太大优势。所以还是希望同学们看到话题之后可以进行一定独立思考。今天我们一起看下常见的开头破冰法之一：定义法引入。
所谓“定义法”，就是下定义，对题目中的某些名词或概念进行解释，比如题目所涉及的success, responsibility, independence,social skills，part-time jobs等，我们可以直接解释这些概念是什么，或者大家对这些事物的看法等，还有可能涉及到重要性或者其影响等词，比如importance, benefits, advantageous,exert positive/negative influence on，一般一句话带过即可。下面我们结合具体题目带入“定义法引入”的具体应用。

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