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2021年托福口语考试真题详情一览(9月25日)

发布时间: 2024年11月23日 21:45

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2021年托福口语考试真题详情一览(9月25日)

9月25日的托福考试完成,有许多的学生对于这次考试的真题是很想要知道的,因为能够帮助他们的托福备考。那么下面就由来给大家带来9月25日托福口语考试的真题内容吧。

2021年9月25日托福口语真题:

T1

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Athletes do not deserve the high salarie they're paid?

T2

阅读中学生建议business department给学生机会出国参加实习,听力中女不赞同,说虽然我们这里是个小城市,但是也有很多公司,她舍友就参加了实习跟国外的人交流了;并且business department没什么钱,资助少部分学生出国可能会导致其他大部分学生的利益受损,比如不能去实地考察。

T3

false-cause error,因为一件事情发生在另一件事情之前,所以人们就会错误的觉得是第一件事导致了第二件事。举例:教授说他朋友借了他的车,还回来之后车开始发出怪声,他就错误地觉得是他朋友导致的,但其实他那车本来就很旧了

T4

植物会吸引一些protective insects来保护它们不被harmful insects吃掉。

托福口语考试丢分因素:

1、发音

ETS强调了很多次,托福口语并不把打分的重点放在口音上,但是很多小伙伴还是致力于学习怎么发出最正宗的美音。

事实上,托福口语对于发音的要求只有一个:makes one’s ideas / meaning  understandable 让别人理解。也就是说只要你发音尽可能的准确,带有中国口音并不会影响你的成绩(不然印度考生口语平均分怎么高出我们那么多...)。

想想托福听力在讲话时,还时不时出现英音印度音,小伙伴们就该懂ETS的大概意思了。因此,大家不用把口音当成提分的首要练习关键。

2、语法问题

不管是在之前的文章,还是在别的地方,相信小伙伴们都看到过一句话:只要表述清晰有逻辑,说的话能够被考官理解,那么出现语法问题也可以被原谅或者忽略。

看到这句话后,是不是觉得口语可以随意说?如果觉得语法不重要就大错特错了!不要忽略这句话的限定条件:清晰、逻辑、能被理解。但凡能达到这三点,内容不算格外出彩也一定是完整正确的。也就是说,只有在输出优质内容答案的时候,语法上的小错才会被忽略,否则语法不过是考官扣你分的另一个理由罢了。

所以,如果大家在讲述的内容是否打动考官这件事上没有把握的话,还是不要放松对自己语法上的要求了。

3、流利度与停顿

流利常常是我们评价口语的第一反应。“流利”不是快速说完45秒,而是指没有出现长时间的停顿,没有无话可说的状态,没有重复叙述。

口语叙述过程中出现停顿往往是思路“断片”的表现,但小伙伴们作答也不能无缝衔接每一句话每一个段落,不然会很憋气,必要的停顿能帮助考官理解讲话内容。在回答完一个例子或者一部分之后,小伙伴们可以稍稍做一个停顿,相当于“句号”的作用。提示考官这部分结束了,下一部分要开始了。

托福口语考试的练习:

具体体现在新托福口语考试中,就是让考生阅读文字信息,听一段课堂演讲或发生在校园里的对话之后,针对内容综合复述,回答问题,实现语言输入和输出的相对关联,从而判断出考生的实际语言应用能力。

新托福口语考试的设计是建立在语言技能综合循环,培养“交际能力”的概念上的。因此,它要求考生进行语言交际训练时,不仅要注重语言的合理口头表达,还要注意口语表达的内容是必须通过听读的输入技能获得并循环于意识中,通过意识加工创造表达出来的。

显然,这类以语言内容为重点的考试要求考生不仅具有一定的语言知识(知道怎样说),同时更重要的是还须具备语言以外的社会、文化、科学等方面的知识 (知道说什么)。新托福口语考试完全模拟真实的校园生活与学术交流环境,话题将会涉及众多领域:社会、文化、科学、历史、宗教等等。因此,它要求考生对于知识的掌握不一定要“很渊”,但一定要“较博”,也即要有内容可讲,要知道“说什么”并且能够说出来。

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2021年托福写作考试真题详情一览(9月25日)

9月25日的托福考试完成,有许多的学生对于这次考试的真题内容比较感兴趣。为了能够帮助同学们的备考,下面就给大家带来9月25日托福写作考试的真题内容,来看看这些真题吧。

2021年9月25日托福写作真题:

独立写作:

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:

Nowadays,children rely too much on the technology,like computers,smartphone,video games,for fun and entertainment. Playing simpler toys or playing outside with friends would be better for the children's development.

综合写作:

阅读:要求学生做志愿活动的3个坏处

1. 他们可能会cheat,学校没办法监督

2. 使学生以后不愿意提供志愿服务

3. 强制要求是一种侵权行为

听力反驳:

1. 学校要求的社区服务是有专门机构组织进行的,这些机构会给学校反馈document

2. 志愿服务之后很多高中生有了很好的体验,会觉得参加志愿服务是一个很好的体验,以后会有更强的motivation;

3. 要求参加志愿活动,和学校要求学生参加课程一样,没有侵权还能让学生学到更多

独立写作范文:

Well,I disagree.

First off,they work really hard. Unlike other occupations,athletes start at an early age and keep training for years or even dosens of years before they can have some decent accomplishments. What's especially noteworthy is,they do not enjoy any holidays like us,meaning they have to do the training while others are having family get-togethers. So the sacrifices they make deserve high salaries.

Second,they win glory for the country. Nowadays,the competition among countries is not restricted to economy,technology and education. People believe that performances in the arena also show the power of the country. When athletes stand on the podium,they represent the country. In this sense,athletes could do something meaningful for the nation.

托福写作的备考技巧:

1.审题时间的控制

如果说独立写作是闭卷考试,那么你花上3~5分钟的时间去审题,去构思,是很必要的。但是,实际情况是,独立写作是开卷考试,首先题库公开,它的题型和题材都不会超出题库的范围,你总会在题库中找到类似的题目,加之机经的强大力量,使得TOEFL独立写作真的成了开卷考试。既然是开卷考试,大家就应该把审题的工作放到考试之前做,争取在1分钟之内完成,不要浪费时间,把时间用来打字,而不是思考上面。那些思维风暴、切题思路之类的,应该是事先已经准备过,训练过的。如果考到了你从来没接触过的题,只能说明你没有准备到位,如果你的审题时间超过了2分钟,那么你的准备也没有到位,这就是开卷考试的备考思维,满分不是临场发挥出来的,而是准备出来的。

2.保质保量

如果不能保证文章的质量,可以从数量入手,有位同学独立写作30分钟写了600字,拿了满分。当然他肯定有一些不足和错误,可是仍然不影响满分。可见如果不能把文章写得很漂亮,不能写出亮点,那就多写点吧,字数多也是亮点。

2022年3.26日托福独立写作属于哪一类型

比较级类。
2022年3月26日的托福独立写作题目为:在大型婚礼或者活动上,很多人通过智能手机录制视频和拍摄照片,录还是不录,你是什么态度。其中比较级的对象包含两个,所以得知为比较级类。
托福考试的最后一部分是“写作”,要求考生写2篇文章,第一篇叫做综合写作,第二篇作文叫“独立写作”,和笔考、机考均无两样,给定考生一熟悉的话题,让考生在30分钟内写一篇300字的文章。

托福考试准备资料推荐

第一阶段(基础瓶颈阶段)《新托福考试官方指南》:把握考试标准,考试能力要求 通过ETS的《新托福官方指南》(OG)的学习,首先,了解新托福考试阅读部分的相关评分规则;然后,进一步把握新托福考试阅读部分的官方要求;再次,通过OG总结阅读考试相关题型,并且可以通过相应的题型题目的练习发现阅读部分的不足;最后,为复习准备的下一个阶段以及下一本书籍资料的运用打下基础。 (没有看到OG的重要性)
第二阶段(提高把握阶段)《新托福考试备考策略与模拟试题》(DELTA)《新托福考试阅读特训》《新托福考试阅读技能与考点训练》(三册): 有讲解,有技的进行培训和练习 通过上一个阶段的初步了解把握之后,考生了解了自己针对阅读部分题型的弱势,这三本书的特点就在于有丰富的练习题目,可以进行有针对性的突破训练。主要提高考生的阅读能力。书中的语言技巧和文章内容都比较具有实用性,有趣性。在学习做题的过程中,摒弃枯燥,乏味,了解丰富的世界文化。书中提供的大量的阅读段落和文章以供学生进行练习,符合中国考生的学习特点和要求,对进一步提升中国考试的阅读技巧能力有实质性的帮助。请分别说明这三本书的优势,以及复习如果有针对性的提高。即每本书可以得到什么样的训练。你所提到的“有针对性的突破训练”,这样的“有针对性”分别是指什么?文中提到的“了解丰富的世界文化”,需要完善本句,比如“阅读文章内容丰富,涉及的题材广泛,有如生物的进化、艺术建筑的发展等等,在做题同时,也了解了考试的背景知识,”必要时举例说明。
第三阶段 (专项能力提升阶段)《新托福一遍通阅读应试指南》 《高分新托福阅读120》:专项提升,具有专一性通过以上两个阶段的相关训练之后,到了这一步就应该开始进行考前模拟的专项训练,这两本书也是考前模拟的基础。以此来熟悉新托福考试阅读部分的考试形式,考试范围以及考题的难度,对每个考试题型进行集中训练。同时,小马过河认为针对做阅读文章,如何提取综合信息以及总结归纳能力的提升。帮助考生拓展词汇量,通过单项训练,加强考前的掌握与牢固。对于同一个人来说,两本书都需要看吗?两者的侧重点有何不同?每本书需要查看的次数是多少?阅读时需要留意的哪些点(请按1、2、3.。分别介绍)
第四阶段 (冲刺牢固阶段)《新托福考试全真模考题与精解》(BARRON) TPO(Toefl Practice On-line)文勇结合ETS出题的阅读分析:结合阅读考试出题方向,实用性较强
最后阶段的冲刺非常重要,在此关键性的阶段我们可以运用BARRON以及TPO进行最后的练习,BARRON比较适应机考得界面以及流程,同时还会对你的分数进行一个检测和判断。TPO,其实就相当于真题的练习,只是ETS并没有公开使用。至于文勇的结合ETS出的阅读题目的分析,可以对整个的备考阅读的过程起到一个点睛的作文,他的分析既有翻译又有讨论,实为一份不错的复习补充资料。修改规则同上。

2021年3月24日托福听力真题答案

在托福考试中,听力部分的考试是一些同学的难点,在考听力考试之前,可以先了解一下托福听力考试的真题,下面就由为大家分享一下托福听力考试的相关内容。
一、托福听力考试真题
1.学生想参加一个大学前的gap活动。
2.关于电影的发展和人们娱乐活动的关系。
3.老师邀请学生参加一个录音整理任务。
4.关于特殊地区因纽特人的历史记录。
二、听力考试题型介绍
主要内容问题或者主要目的问题
这类题型要求你掌握听力文章中的主要内容或者主要目的,你可以注意到题目中有mainly about,mainly discussing,why does the student 或者 what is the main purpose这样的短语出现。
细节问题
细节问题是听力问题中最直接明了的问题。它要求你能记住文章中的细节部分。题目中通常有according to 或者 what is出现。这类问题的答案通常是很明显的在文章中表述出来的事实。
Tips: 找到一个朋友或学习伙伴一起听一段英文听力片段,结束之后,你们每个人把听到的内容尽量多的写下来,越多越好。然后互相比较谁记录了更多的关键点和支持主要观点的细节。
功能问题
这类问题主要考察学生能否识别出文章中某一句所表达的意思。因为这句话根据语境可能会产生不同的意思,而不是字面上的意思,所以需要你去理解其中真正想表达的含义。
态度问题
这类问题要求你理解说话者的态度和感情,通常会这样问 what is the professor’s attitude...?或者 what does the student think about...?或者 what can be inferred...?你可以注意到文章中是否有这样的短语: what I think …,或者 it seems to me …。这个就是回答问题的关键点。回答的时候注意说话者的语气和语调。
组织问题
组织问题要求学生理解整个讲课内容的结构是怎样的,通常会这样问,why does the professor mention...?或者 why does the professor discuss...?这类问题通常会问文章中列举的一个例子。所以你需要好好想一想教授用这个例子的用意在哪。
连接内容问题
这类问题要求你理解文章中各观点之间的关系。通常会问what is the likely outcome...?这类问题需要你把不同句子或不同部分的信息组合在一起。比如过程的步骤有哪些,把一些条目归类,做预测等等。
推断问题
这类问题要求你理解文章中没有明确陈述出来的意思。这类问题通常有what are the implications of...?或者 what does the professor imply ...?或者 what can be inferred ...?
三、托福听力考试内容讲解
托福听力考试部分的考试时间通常为41-57分钟,听力考试的题型大致可分为对话和讲座两个类型。每段听力内容的时间大致都在4到6分钟左右。
对话部分,托福听力每场考试一般有2-3个对话,每段对话后设有5个问题。在对话中,第一个场景一般发生在学校办公室里。对话可能涉及学术内容或者与课程要求有关。第二、三个场景是关于学生的日常对话。对话一般发生在大学校园中,包括非学术性的内容。当然这个并非绝对,对话的具体内容也可能会出现一些变化。
除了对话外,另一种将做形式的托福听力题型则包含3到4个讲座(Lectures),每个讲座后会有6个问题。讲座一般来源于讲师教授的课堂教学内容。讲座可能只是摘录教授的讲课内容,或者是学生的提问,或是老师向学生提问并且请一位学生回答。这个题型更偏向于学术性的内容。
当然,在这里需要提示大家一下,听录音的过程中,ETS允许大家记录笔记。所以,备考听力过程中,学会如何记录笔记,对于托福听力的提分是很有帮助的。
四、托福听力记笔记技巧
记关键词
所谓关键词,是指与听力中心内容有密切关系的词汇和短语,是考点的主要出处。一般是实词,即名词,动词,形容词,副词,否定和数词。抓住了听力中的关键词,整个文章的大意就呼之欲出了。
记逻辑词和短语提示
逻辑词和逻辑短语是连接一篇文章的筋骨和脉络。外国人对于逻辑思维非常重视,托福中从阅读到作文无不体现出来这一点。因此,听清楚逻辑词,记录下来,对于内容的之间的关系和顺序等的了解就容易了。
用缩写简写符号换词减少记录时间
托福听力记笔记关键是速度。托福听力素材的语速往往是比较快的。因此,考生要懂得如何在简化自己的笔记的同时让自己看得明白清楚。缩写和符号是很好的方法。
巧妙利用听力中的“空余时间”
这个方法需要大家做过一段时间的托福听力有了一定经验后才能用好。简单来说,就是利用听力素材本身存在的一些空余时间来进行记录。举例来说,比如某LECTURE素材中教授说了一堆废话的时候,或者两人对话时,非表达观点着说话时(口语第2题中比较多),大家就可以利用“空余时间”来补全之前没有做好的笔记。
利用清晰的结构减少查看笔记的时间
记录笔记的最终目的是做题的需要。因此,记录了笔记而自己都看不懂,或者花大量时间翻看笔记,都是得不偿失的做法。特别是做口语笔记的时候,你的准备时间是非常宝贵的。

如何消除“人机对话"紧张情绪

“人机对话" 是新托福考试改革后的重要特征之一,它的具体表现形式是这样的:整个考试都是通过电脑来完成,所有的试题和答题指令都是通过电脑屏幕显示。在听力和阅读部分,考生用鼠标来点击或拖动答案。在写作部分,考生用键盘输入作文而不是用传统的纸笔写作。在“人机对话”最为明显的口语部分,考生要在听到电脑的答题指令之后,在限定的时间内(15-30秒)准备,然后对着麦克风在限定的时间内(45-60秒)做出完整和精确的回答。
这种“人机对话”的考试形式对许多考生来说都十分陌生,特别是口语部分,本身就是中国学生的弱项,再加上这种机械的考试方式和考题难度的加大,导致相当一部分考生在考到新托福的口语时就心跳加速,手心出汗。下面,iBT专家将教给大家一些克服新托福考试“人机对话”紧张情绪的方法。
托福熟悉考题形式和答题规则
托福所谓知己知彼,百战不殆,全面了解考试的各类题型和准确理解答题规则是准备任何一种考试都必须做到的重要一点,想要从容应对新托福考试的“人机对话”,就必须对“人机对话”的内容和要求做全面的了解。以新托福考试的口语部分为例,一共有6道考题,其中两道是"Independent Task",四道是"Integrated Task",在这四道"Integrated Task"中,又有两道是要求考生先听再说,而另两道则是要求考生先读再听再说。考生在考试之前就一定要熟悉这六道考题的不同要求和出题顺序,这样在考试的时候,每进入到下一道考题,考生就会基于经验产生一种对考题的预期,当考题显现出来和自己的心理预期完全吻合时,考生会在潜意识当中产生一种“一切尽在掌控中”的心理暗示,这对于放松心情,避免紧张情绪是很有效的。
托福熟悉考点和考试真题
在熟悉了考题形式和答题规则之后,我们就要更进一步地熟悉考题的考点了。当然,考题的具体内容是不可能被预测到的,但考题会怎么问,应该用什么样的策略去回答,这是我们可以事先准备好的。例如,在研究了新托福考试大纲、权威出版物和新托福考试真题后,我们发现在绝大多数的"Integrated Writing"即综合技能写作中,reading material和listening material的关系都是观点相悖的,且一般都是listening material里有三条理由,逐一驳斥了reading material里的三条理由。在掌握了这样的考点规律之后,我们在做新托福的综合写作时,就可以有的放矢地去听和读,再用事先准备过的一些语言素材和行文结构组织文章,写作考题便会迎刃而解了。
此外,尽量熟悉近期的新托福考试真题对新托福考试的临场发挥也是很有帮助的。建议考生通过各种渠道搜集一些近几年新托福考试的真题(包括在中国大陆和北美地区的考题),特别是口语和写作部分。一来可熟悉新托福考试真题的出题思路,二来如果运气好,说不定考试时还会碰到相似的题目。
托福练习时间掌控
新托福考试的四个部分都是有时间限制的。在口语部分,时间限制更是“苛刻”,考生的准备时间和答题时间都是以“秒”做单位,每答一道题都会有若干次“嘟” 声提醒考生准备开始,答题开始或答题结束等。考前如果不经过严格的训练,考生很可能会出现由于时间掌控不当产生的“抢说”、“来不及说”、“冷场”、“拖拉”或者“头重脚轻”等情况,影响情绪和随后写作考试的发挥。所以考前一定要练习如何掌控时间。在这里我们给考生一个小建议,在家里练习如何掌控时间。考生只要家里有一台配有麦克风的电脑,就可以轻松实现录音和回放了。具体操作是打开windows自带的“录音机”软件(开始-程序-附件-娱乐-录音机),按下红色的按钮,就可以录音了,录完之后还可以回放进行自我评价。该软件的缺点是只能录60秒,但新托福考试的最多录音时间也就是60秒,所以对练习限定时间内说完答案是很有帮助的。
以上就是专家们为大家总结的三点原则,希望可以帮助考生们缓解新托福考试“人机对话”时的究中心紧张情绪。当然,如果考生想在考试时做到胸有成足、处变不惊,最根本的方法还是提高自身实力,多做模拟练习,有条件的话多上机模拟,相信新托福考试再新也会变成考生熟悉的“老朋友”。

托福阅读真题:TPO11原文及答案

TPO模考工具是我没复习托福非常好的帮手,属于我们一定要好好利用,下面我给大家带来托福阅读真题:TPO11原文及答案,欢迎阅读参考!

托福阅读真题:TPO11原文

Ancient Egyptian Sculpture

In order to understand ancient Egyptian art, it is vital to know as much as possible of the elite Egyptians' view of the world and the functions and contexts of the art produced for them. Without this knowledge we can appreciate only the formal content of Egyptian art, and we will fail to understand why it was produced or the concepts that shaped it and caused it to adopt its distinctive forms. In fact, a lack of understanding concerning the purposes of Egyptian art has often led it to be compared unfavorably with the art of other cultures: Why did the Egyptians not develop sculpture in which the body turned and twisted through space like classical Greek statuary? Why do the artists seem to get left and right confused? And why did they not discover the geometric perspective as European artists did in the Renaissance? The answer to such questions has nothing to do with a lack of skill or imagination on the part of Egyptian artists and everything to do with the purposes for which they were producing their art.

The majority of three-dimensional representations, whether standing, seated, or kneeling, exhibit what is called frontality: they face straight ahead, neither twisting nor turning. When such statues are viewed in isolation, out of their original context and without knowledge of their function, it is easy to criticize them for their rigid attitudes that remained unchanged for three thousand years. Frontality is, however, directly related to the functions of Egyptian statuary and the contexts in which the statues were set up. Statues were created not for their decorative effect but to play a primary role in the cults of the gods, the king, and the dead. They were designed to be put in places where these beings could manifest themselves in order to be the recipients of ritual actions. Thus it made sense to show the statue looking ahead at what was happening in front of it, so that the living performer of the ritual could interact with the divine or deceased recipient. Very often such statues were enclosed in rectangular shrines or wall niches whose only opening was at the front, making it natural for the statue to display frontality. Other statues were designed to be placed within an architectural setting, for instance, in front of the monumental entrance gateways to temples known as pylons, or in pillared courts, where they would be placed against or between pillars: their frontality worked perfectly within the architectural context.

Statues were normally made of stone, wood, or metal. Stone statues were worked from single rectangular blocks of material and retained the compactness of the original shape. The stone between the arms and the body and between the legs in standing figures or the legs and the seat in seated ones was not normally cut away. From a practical aspect this protected the figures against breakage and psychologically gives the images a sense of strength and power, usually enhanced by a supporting back pillar. By contrast, wooden statues were carved from several pieces of wood that were pegged together to form the finished work, and metal statues were either made by wrapping sheet metal around a wooden core or cast by the lost wax process. The arms could be held away from the body and carry separate items in their hands; there is no back pillar. The effect is altogether lighter and freer than that achieved in stone, but because both perform the same function, formal wooden and metal statues still display frontality.

Apart from statues representing deities, kings, and named members of the elite that can be called formal, there is another group of three-dimensional representations that depicts generic figures, frequently servants, from the nonelite population. The function of these is quite different. Many are made to be put in the tombs of the elite in order to serve the tomb owners in the afterlife. Unlike formal statues that are limited to static poses of standing, sitting, and kneeling, these figures depict a wide range of actions, such as grinding grain, baking bread, producing pots, and making music, and they are shown in appropriate poses, bending and squatting as they carry out their tasks.

Paragraph 1: In order to understand ancient Egyptian art, it is vital to know as much as possible of the elite Egyptians' view of the world and the functions and contexts of the art produced for them. Without this knowledge we can appreciate only the formal content of Egyptian art, and we will fail to understand why it was produced or the concepts that shaped it and caused it to adopt its distinctive forms. In fact, a lack of understanding concerning the purposes of Egyptian art has often led it to be compared unfavorably with the art of other cultures: Why did the Egyptians not develop sculpture in which the body turned and twisted through space like classical Greek statuary? Why do the artists seem to get left and right confused? And why did they not discover the geometric perspective as European artists did in the Renaissance? The answer to such questions has nothing to do with a lack of skill or imagination on the part of Egyptian artists and everything to do with the purposes for which they were producing their art.

托福阅读真题:TPO11题目

1. The word “vital” in the passage is closest in meaning to

attractive

essential

usual

practical

2. Paragraph 1 suggests that one reason Egyptian art is viewed less favorably than other art is that Egyptian art lacks

a realistic sense of human body proportion

a focus on distinctive forms of varying sizes

the originality of European art

the capacity to show the human body in motion

3. In paragraph 1, the author mentions all of the following as necessary in appreciating Egyptian art EXCEPT an understanding of

the reasons why the art was made

the nature of aristocratic Egyptian beliefs

the influences of Egyptian art on later art such as classical Greek art

how the art was used

Paragraph 2: The majority of three-dimensional representations, whether standing, seated, or kneeling, exhibit what is called frontality: they face straight ahead, neither twisting nor turning. When such statues are viewed in isolation, out of their original context and without knowledge of their function, it is easy to criticize them for their rigid attitudes that remained unchanged for three thousand years. Frontality is, however, directly related to the functions of Egyptian statuary and the contexts in which the statues were set up. Statues were created not for their decorative effect but to play a primary role in the cults of the gods, the king, and the dead. They were designed to be put in places where these beings could manifest themselves in order to be the recipients of ritual actions. Thus it made sense to show the statue looking ahead at what was happening in front of it, so that the living performer of the ritual could interact with the divine or deceased recipient. Very often such statues were enclosed in rectangular shrines or wall niches whose only opening was at the front, making it natural for the statue to display frontality. Other statues were designed to be placed within an architectural setting, for instance, in front of the monumental entrance gateways to temples known as pylons, or in pillared courts, where they would be placed against or between pillars: their frontality worked perfectly within the architectural context.

4. According to paragraph 2, why are Egyptian statues portrayed frontality?

To create a psychological effect of distance and isolation

To allow them to fulfill their important role in ceremonies of Egyptian life

To provide a contrast to statues with a decorative function

To suggest the rigid, unchanging Egyptian philosophical attitudes

5. The word “context” in the passage is closest in meaning to

connection

influence

environment

requirement

6. The author mentions “an architectural setting” in the passage in order to

suggest that architecture was as important as sculpture to Egyptian artists

offer a further explanation for the frontal pose of Egyptian statues

explain how the display of statues replaced other forms of architectural decoration

illustrate the religious function of Egyptian statues

7. The word “they” in the passage refers to

statues

gateways

temples

pillared courts

Paragraph 3: Statues were normally made of stone, wood, or metal. Stone statues were worked from single rectangular blocks of material and retained the compactness of the original shape. The stone between the arms and the body and between the legs in standing figures or the legs and the seat in seated ones was not normally cut away. From a practical aspect this protected the figures against breakage and psychologically gives the images a sense of strength and power, usually enhanced by a supporting back pillar. By contrast, wooden statues were carved from several pieces of wood that were pegged together to form the finished work, and metal statues were either made by wrapping sheet metal around a wooden core or cast by the lost wax process. The arms could be held away from the body and carry separate items in their hands; there is no back pillar. The effect is altogether lighter and freer than that achieved in stone, but because both perform the same function, formal wooden and metal statues still display frontality.

8. According to paragraph 3, why were certain areas of a stone statue left uncarved?

To prevent damage by providing physical stability

To emphasize that the material was as important as the figure itself

To emphasize that the figure was not meant to be a real human being

To provide another artist with the chance to finish the carving

9. The word “core” in the passage is closest in meaning to

material

layer

center

frame

10. According to paragraph 3, which of the following statements about wooden statues is true?

Wooden statues were usually larger than stone statues.

Wooden statues were made from a single piece of wood.

Wooden statues contained pieces of metal or stone attached to the front.

Wooden statues had a different effect on the viewer than stone statues.

Paragraph 4: Apart from statues representing deities, kings, and named members of the elite that can be called formal, there is another group of three-dimensional representations that depicts generic figures, frequently servants, from the nonelite population. The function of these is quite different. Many are made to be put in the tombs of the elite in order to serve the tomb owners in the afterlife. Unlike formal statues that are limited to static poses of standing, sitting, and kneeling, these figures depict a wide range of actions, such as grinding grain, baking bread, producing pots, and making music, and they are shown in appropriate poses, bending and squatting as they carry out their tasks.

11. The word depicts in the passage is closest in meaning to

imagines

classifies

elevates

portrays

12. According to paragraph 4, what is the difference between statues that represent the Egyptian elite and statues that represent the nonelite classes?

Statues of the elite are included in tombs, but statues of the nonelite are not.

Statues of the elite are in motionless poses, while statues of the nonelite are in active poses.

Statues of the elite are shown standing, while statues of the nonelite are shown sitting or kneeling.

Statues of the elite serve an important function, while statues of the nonelite are decorative.

Paragraph 4: Apart from statues representing deities, kings, and named members of the elite that can be called formal, there is another group of three-dimensional representations that depicts generic figures, frequently servants, from the nonelite population. The function of these is quite different. Many are made to be put in the tombs of the elite in order to serve the tomb owners in the afterlife. Unlike formal statues that are limited to static poses of standing, sitting, and kneeling, these figures depict a wide range of actions, such as grinding grain, baking bread, producing pots, and making music, and they are shown in appropriate poses, bending and squatting as they carry out their tasks.

13. Look at the four squares [] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

In fact, it is the action and not the figure itself that is important.

Where would the sentence best fit?

14.Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.

The distinctive look of ancient Egyptian sculpture was determined largely by its function.

Answer Choices

The twisted forms of Egyptian statues indicate their importance in ritual actions.

The reason Egyptian statues are motionless is linked to their central role in cultural rituals.

Stone, wood, and metal statues all display the feature of frontality.

Statues were more often designed to be viewed in isolation rather than placed within buildings.

The contrasting poses used in statues of elite and nonelite Egyptians reveal their difference in social status.

Although the appearances of formal and generic statues differ, they share the same function.

托福阅读真题:TPO11答案

1. 2

2. 4

3. 3

4. 2

5. 3

6. 2

7. 1

8.1

9. 3

10. 4

11. 4

12. 2

13. 4

14. The reason Egyptian

Stone, wood, and

The contrasting poses

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2021年4月25日托福阅读真题回顾

在托福考试中,托福阅读考试是很容易拿到高分的,因此也受到很多同学格外的重视,近期托福考试的真题已经出来了,为大家分享了4月25日托福阅读真题。
2021年4月25日托福阅读真题
1. 19世纪美国的文化与艺术。尽管美国的通讯技术上发展很快,但他们在文化艺术上仍然受英国(欧洲)的极大影响。
2. 有一种鸟类会帮助其他鸟类的幼鸟成长。
3. 动物和植物面对极端环境如何生存。
4. 日本的建筑,包含家庭结构以及专制统治以及社会地位。
5. 鸟类过冬方法,把食物藏起来,并且为了不被偷需要换着地方藏。
6. hunter-gather。
7. 火星的两个卫星,越环绕轨道越近,探讨了是否会撞击火星。
8. 两种可能的恐龙灭绝的原因。第一种是陨石撞击地球,地里面会有iridium.当iridium和一种小颗粒一起被发现时就有陨石曾经坠落过。
9. 陨石坠落引发火灾→浓浓的烟→植物死亡→恐龙灭绝。但是后面又说,surprise了教授因为昆虫和鸟类大都没有死。二种是火山喷发,lava→二氧化硫→灭绝。
10. 文明发展史,讨论的是文明形成的原因。
11. 森林带。
托福阅读提速技巧
通读全文
初学者在看到这样题目的时候,会先把文章看完甚至翻译一遍,认为理解了自然就能选对答案。这是正确率最高最靠谱的做法,但最大的缺陷是考试时无法在短时间内理解文章并且做完题目。所以在阅读能力不是很强的时候,尽量不要使用看完理解再做题的方法。
把握文章结构类型
所谓结构,即文章的骨架子。
托福阅读文章是纯学术体(Academic),是学生在大学里天天都能接触到的教科书风格的文章,这些文章涉及人文社科和自然科学,均议论文、说明文,最显著的特点是呈板块结构。因此考生要做的就是通过大量阅读同类文章学会把握这种学术体类型的文章结构,从而提升对此类文章的熟练度,确保在考试中能够第一时间摸准文章结构找到自己需要重点查看的内容。
掌握技巧,选择性阅读
解题过程中最关键的是有选择性阅读,这就要求我们一方面,多做练习,熟悉文章结构,另一方面,好好利用tpo,大量练习,概括总结分析每一类题型。略读也是一种疾速阅读窍门。读是一种从很多的资猜中敏捷查找某一项详细现实或某一项特定信息,如人物、事情、时刻、地址、数字等,而对其它无关有些略去不读的疾速阅读办法。
掌握定位阅读技巧
拿到一个题目,我们先找题干中可以用来定位的关键词,比如专有名词、数字、符号等,然后根据关键词回到原文进行定位。有时候文章中不一定会出现和关键词一模一样的词,但很可能是关键词的同义替换词。
长难句分析
在累积词汇的基础上,平时的训练当中一定要多花时间在句子分析这一块。分析过程中我们需要的是弄清楚这句话主语是什么,怎么了,发生什么事,谁是修饰成分,哪部分才是真正的谓语。
托福题型分析
其中前面8个是微观题,后面2个是宏观题。
虽然托福考试有所改革,将原来的单篇14题缩改为10题,总数量有所减少,但是“词汇题,细节题”的占比和重要性仍居题型榜首。
句子插入题,选非题,修辞目的题基本没有太大的变化。插入题依然处于每篇文章的倒数第二题的位置,3篇文章,一共3题。
如果说变化较大的,那就是句子简化题,改革前,基本上句子简化题每篇1题,一共3题。改革后,句子简化题有所减少,一般考试2篇文章出1题。所以3篇文章的总数在1-2题。这对于基础较弱,或者处于初,中级阶段的学生来说是个好消息,因为他们在长难句的分析上面还是比较弱的。这样就避开了自己的弱项。
图表题,指代题是个比较尴尬的题型。因为它一直存在于官方指南的题型之中,但是没有几次出现在真正的考场中。很多同学考了3-4次托福也就见过1次或者是1次都没有遇见这两个题型。所以,在学习过程中,这两个题型了解一下即可。
最后,就是文章小结题了,这个题型对托福备考生来说是个难啃的“硬骨头”,是一个非常头疼的题。因为它要纵观全文,概况每段的主旨才好做出来。到中后期,学生做错题汇总的时候发现,错的最多的基本都是“细节题,小结题”。

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