托福口语提分替换词一览

托福口语提分替换词一览

在托福口语中如果我们能避免重复使用某些词汇会给考官留下好印象，下面我就为大家带来一些实用的同义替换词，希望对你们有帮助。

托福口语中可以用来表达“好”的替换词汇

amazing: 使人十分惊奇的;令人惊讶的

Your English is amazing.

你的英语太让人吃惊了。

cool: 好;妙;帅;酷;凉

You look cool in your new suit.

你穿这套新衣服真酷。

cute: 漂亮的;可爱的;逗人喜爱的;聪明的

He’s really cute.

他真可爱。

excellent: 优秀的;杰出的

Our teacher speaks excellent English.

我们老师的英语说得好极了。

fabulous: 极好的;绝妙的

A: How do you like the show?

你觉得这场表演如何?

B: Fabulous!

棒极了!

fantastic: 极好的;了不起的

You’ve got the job? Fantastic!

你得到那份工作了?太好了!

marvelous: 极好的;非凡的

That’s a marvelous idea!

这主意真是棒极了。

special:特别的;不寻常的

You know, you are really special!

你知道吗，你真的很特别。

wonderful: 精彩的;绝妙的;令人惊奇的

She has a wonderful memory.

她的 记忆力 惊人。

托福口语常用的 同义词 整理

1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle

2损害： Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize

3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford

4培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster

5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength

6 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness

7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle

8 重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative

9 认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced

10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve

11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge

12 有害的： Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental

13 要求 ：Request, demand, needs, requisition

14 消除 ：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away

15 导致： Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate

16 因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this

17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to

18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to

19 保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out

20 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably

21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly

22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim

23 发生：Happen, occur, take place

24 原因：Reason, factor, cause

25 发展：Development, advance, progress

26 有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous

27 影响：Influence, impact, effect

28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear

29占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose

30与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to

31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely

32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe

33 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly

34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation

35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that

36 换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle.

托福高频同义替换词一览

形容词

合适的： suitable/ advisable/ sound/ temperate/ rational/ preferable/ reliable/ fitting/ modest/ moderate

精致的： elegant/ delicate/ elaborate/subtle

美好的： gorgeous/ glorious/ splendid/ admirable/ breathtaking/ impressive/ spectacular/ superb

杰出的： outstanding/ distinguished/ eminent/ excellent/ supreme/ extraordinary/ prominent/ matchless/ foremost

著名的： famous/ illustrious/ celebrated/ notable

聪明的： intelligent/ wise/ ingenious/ sensible/ smart/ clever/ knowledgeable/ capable

大的： immense/ huge/ spacious/ prodigious/ massive/ enormous/ vast/ tremendous/ expansive

小的： slight/ tiny/ microscopic/ small/ diminutive/ minuscule

重要的： important/ significant/ concernful/ pivotal/ superb/ momentous/ vital/ primary/ essential/ principal/ leading/ major/ dominant/ predominant/ fateful

最好的： optimum/ premium

基本的： underlying/ elementary/ fundamental/ essential/ cardinal

不足的： insufficient/ scanty/ meager/ needy/ poor/ scarce/ devoid/ empty/ lacking

充足的： fraught/ sufficient/ enough/ adequate/ abundant

过多的： excessive/ redundant/ overabundant/ inordinate

特殊的： unique/ matchless/ unrivaled/ extraordinary / special

奇怪的： odd/ bizarre/ quaint/ weird/ queer

相似的： similar/ approximate/ proximate/ homogeneous/ identical/ equal/ equivalent/ coordinate.

无效的： null/ invalid/ void

有效的： valid/ acceptable/ effective/ resultful/ efficient/ competent

高兴的： delightful/ happy/ hilarious/ exultant/ gleeful/ joyous/ exalted/ blessed/ pleasing/ amusing

名词

成就，成功： success/ triumph/ victory/ accomplishment/ achievement/ fruition/ consummation/ attainments

失败： failure/ be defeated/ a case of crabs

观点： point of view/ standpoint/ viewpoint/ frame of reference/ theory

财产： treasure/ profit/ fortune/ moneybag/ wealth/ belongings/ estate/ possessions/ property/ riches/ worth

好处： advantage/ behoof/ benefit/ gain/ good/ stead

优点： excellence/ merit/ strongpoint/ virtue

缺点： bug/ disfigurement/ limitation/ objection/ vice/ lacuna/ defect/downside

发展： development/ evolution/ progress/ grow

普及： popularization/ prevalence.

出现： emergence

情况： circumstance/ condition

原因： causation/ cause/ matter/ reason

影响： infection/ influence/ impact

动词

提供： provide/ supply/ furnish/ give/ render/ accommodate

思考： consider/ speculate/ ponder/ think

建议： propose/ suggest/ advance/ mention/ recommend/ advise/ offer/

吸引： engross/ absorb/ draw/ attract/ intoxicate/ lure/ entice/ tempt

揭示： reveal/ exhibit/ expose/ disclose/ unveil/ show/ transpire/ indicate/ denote

理解： understand/ comprehend

说明： illuminate/ clarify/ illustrate/ exemplify/ explain/ elaborate

暗示： imply / allude/ insinuate

开始： start/emerge/ launch/ start/ begin/ commence/ initiate

带来，引起： generate/ produce/ give rise to/ engender

停止： stop/ cease/ halt/ terminate/ end/ finish/ conclude

赞同： agree with/ applaud/ approve/ go along with

反对： oppose/ argue against/ combat

副词

非常： very/ extraordinarily/ highly/ in the extreme/ extremely/ largely/ quite/ awfully/ considerably/ greatly

明显的： clearly/ obviously/ distinctly/ evidently/ markedly/ visibly，perfectly entirely increasingly totally authentically really truly

后来： afterward/ consequentially/ then

最后： finally/ eventually/ lastly/ in the end/ ultimately/ at length

因此： therefore/ thus/ consequently/ in result/ hence/ as a result

然而： however/ nevertheless/ whereas

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100个替换词汇的托福写作句子

托福写作中涉及到很多词汇的使用，任何情况下词汇是至关重要的，那么这些经常用到的词汇，你现在完全了解了吗?经常写作，经常修改，不断地改善自己的.写作水平，注意写作中不仅仅是词汇，还有句型语法的应用也不可忽视，托福写作才会进步更快，下面让我们一起看看这些替换词汇吧。
1. important =crucial (extremely important)，significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)
2.common=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)
3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra)，plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)
4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)
5.neglect=ignore。(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention。)
6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other)，adjoin(the same as adjacent)
7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned)，seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)
8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details)，exact(correct in every detail)
9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)
10.top=peak, summit
11.competitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)
12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)
13.opinion=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)
14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired)，reputation
15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL)，establish
16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)
17.complain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)
18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree)，fundamental
19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)
20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to)，compel
21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)
22.complex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)
23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her)
24.small=minuscule(very small)，minute,
25.praise=extol(stronger than praise)，compliment(polite and political)
26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly)
27.difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)
28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)
29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)
30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people。)
31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent)，colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large)，tremendous(INFORMAL)
32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it。)
33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something。)
34.attack=assault (physically attack someone)，assail (attack violently)
35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons)，loathe(dislike very much)!
36.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it。)
39.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)
40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes)，immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)
41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly)，astound(surprise you to a large degree)，astonish(the same as astound)
42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm)，fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)
43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful)，serene(calm and quiet)
44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)
45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive)，sumptuous(grand and very expensive)
46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)
47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)
48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)
49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold)，icy(extremely cold)
50.hot=boiling(very hot)
51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)
52.nowadays=currently
53.only=unique(the only one of its kind)，distinctive;
54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)
55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)
56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)
57.obvious=apparent, manifest
58.basedon=derived fromcan see or notice them very easily)
60.quite=fairly
61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)
62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)
63.appear=emerge(come into existence)
64.whole=entire(the whole of something)
65.wet=moist(slightly wet)，damp(slightly wet)，humid(very damp and hot)
66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)
67.difficult=formidable
68.change=convert(change into another form)
69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)
70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger)，prudent(careful and sensible)
71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)
72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)
73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)
74.use= utilize (the same as use)
75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it。)
76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)
77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)
78.scholarship=fellowship
79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)
80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)
81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)
82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive)，absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal)
83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)
84.disorder=disarray, chaos
85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)
86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)
87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)
88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)
89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)
90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)
91.unbelievable=inconceivable(if you deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen )
92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)
93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)
94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)
95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)
96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)
97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)
98.so=consequently, accordingly
99.rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often)
100.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)

雅思听力中常见的同义替换方式

雅思听力考试出题的核心就是同义替换。其中同义替换的方式不止包括词与词的替换，还包括 句子 与句子的替换、词与句子的替换等。下面我们就一起来看一下雅思听力中同义替换的常见方式。

雅思听力中常见的同义替换方式

1、词性转换

这一类在雅思听力中比较常见，简单来说就是形容词、名词、动词等之间的互换。比如：benefit变成beneficial，flexibility变成flexible等等。对于这一类题目，考生要有更加全面地掌握，要学会使用词根词缀来记忆单词，常见表示的表示单词词性的后缀要记忆，如：-ion, -ment, -ness是名词后缀;-ate, -fy是动词后缀等。

如：Cambridge 8 test 1 section 4

Studying geography helps us to understand:

. the effects of different processes on the 1. of the Earth.

读题时，快速判断定位词为effect 和process，答案词为名词。这是一道section 4当中的题目，考生应该要有意识，音频中必然会进行大量的同义替换，尤其是当中的普通名词，形容词和副词等词性的词。果然音频中替换了effects的词性：We learn a great deal about all the process that have affected and continue to affect the Earth surface. 将名词换成了动词，答案是surface。词性之间的转换相较于其他的同义替换方式会简单一些，因为词根没有改变，所以单词的发音有很大一部分是相同或至少是相近的;此外这种方式还非常实用，此处笔者指的有用是在口语和写作两个输出项中。

2、 同义词 替代

这一种方式应该是雅思听力中最熟悉的同义替换方式，同时也是考生们在输出单项口语和写作当中运用较多的方式。同义词顾名思义就是用不同的单词或者词组来表示同一个意思。比如说consist of，可以用be made up of、be composed of、contains等等。这一类的词比重也是比较多的。>>>点击咨询雅思听力备考信息

如：Cambridge 7 test 1 section 1

Options:

. Car hire

-don’t want to drive

. 1.

Expensive

这是整套试题的第一个问题，难度系数应该所有40个问题中最低之一，但是仍不可掉以轻心，因为即使是在第一题，考官仍然设置了同义替换的考点。这道题定位词是car以及drive，在音频中改述成：you can always rent a car right here at the airport, of course. 当中的hire 换成了rent。这种改写方式几乎算得上是所有改写方式中最简单，挑战最小的一种，在形式上通常都很对称：词数一致，词性一致等，因此，考生较容易听辨出来。

3、解释说明

就是说话者没有直接说出这个词，而是用一段话来解释，将所表述的概念或者事物更加具体化。通常是用一个比较通俗易懂的例子来代替。

例如：剑四test3section2 14题

Where does Circus Romano perform?

A in a theatre

B in a tent

C in a stadium

录音原文：which is really like a canvas portable building, usually put up in a green space or car park.

通过句子翻译，描述的就是帐篷。所以此题选B

其实雅思听力中这类同义替换很常见，考生们如果能够很好的掌握同义替换的话，迅速发现其中的同义替换，不仅能够对雅思听力甚至阅读考试应对自如，同时也扩充了自己的词汇量，在写作和口语方面也会有好的帮助，也有助于了解考官的出题思路。

4、句型转换

常见的句型转换有，主动变被动，或者说用了不同的连词将句子的结构进行了调整或者前后颠倒。比如说 Since …, … 和 … because … 这两个都是我们比较熟悉的表示因果关系的句型，它们之间的区别就在于，前一个是since引导原因，后一个是because引导原因，所以出现了前后顺序颠倒的状况。所以考生应该尤为注意句型的转换。>>>与名师交流雅思听力考试 经验

如：Cambridge 4 test 1 section 2

12. The metal industry was established at Riverside Village by who lived in the area.

本道题在section 2 中，按说应该不会很难，但其实难度系数较高。在审题的过程中，有经验的考生马上能够意识到这个句子填空题的句子是个被动语，在音频中很有可能会变成主动语态。定位词是metal industry，题中缺少的是动作的施动者，在被动语态中，施动者被置于句尾;而在音频中句子改成了主动语态：At that time, local craftsmen first built an iron forge just behind the village here on the band in the river. 在主动语态中，动作的施动者置于句首，宾语 iron forge (替代 metal industry)在主语之后，这就意味着考生是先听到答案词local craftsmen，再听到定位词 iron forge，属典型的答案前置状况。相对于题目和录音语序一致的情况，主被动颠倒语序对于考生而言显然要难得多。但是，如果考生知晓听力中句子改写有主动变被动，被动变主动这种常用伎俩，则在审题时就能做好充分的预判，要得出正确答案就容易很多了。

同义替换在雅思听力中非常重要，掌握了同义替换的规律，你也就掌握了雅思听力的根本，一定要引起足够的重视。

突破雅思听力水平的五大练习 方法

第一、听

我们要明白：说出某种语言是一个有关听觉的问题。

语言不是用眼睛、而是用耳朵来学的东西。如果以学习某种学问的态度来学习语言，就不能真正地掌握它，因为它是一个纯粹的听觉系统的问题。各国语言在说的时候会产生不同的音域频率。耳朵的结构使它不能接受 其它 外来语言的频率，所以耳朵对其他的语言是封闭起来的，不能听也就不会说，听觉系统就是这么回事。如果你不能理解这一点，你就学不了语言。怎样才能打开平时对其他语言封闭着的耳朵，让它具有听懂那种语言的敏锐性呢?如果不能正确地解读声音信号，就不能把这些信号同化到谈话中去。所以我们需要大脑来工作，使它吸收听到的词语，予以译码以及进行再现。完整地听取声音信号是语言学习中最重要的一个环节，也是基础。这一点在学校的 英语学习 中是体会不到的，所以很多人往往学了10年英语还听不懂、不会说。如果你经常沉浸在英语的声音中，只需3个月，你会在某一天突然发现自己能够清楚地听懂英语了。

第二、想象

学习语言不是用左脑。用右脑学习，你就能非常简单地学会。

如果不知道这个秘诀，普通的 英语 学习方法 是很难真正掌握英语的。左脑是语言脑，右脑是图像脑。使用右脑的想象功能来学习，英语学习会变得非常容易。这就是关键所在。平时在我们想要记起什么来的时候，那个场面的图景瞬间就会浮现在眼前。比如我们想昨天晚饭吃的什么时，脑海中就会出现一幅昨日餐桌上的图景吧。这时，大脑并不是靠什么"吃了米饭、酱汤和汉堡"这样的语言来记忆的。那么，就让我们在 学习英语 时发挥自己的 想象力 吧。

第三、朗读和背诵

每天的朗读对英语学习是很重要的。每天读课本时要发出声音，争取能够背下来。坚持这样努力下去，记忆力 就一定会发生变化。过了3个月，你会突然发现有一条和以前大不相同的记忆回路打开了。

1. 每天出声朗读英语，英语的节奏就会逐渐渗透到你的身体深处。只有练习朗读才能够掌握英语的节奏，听和说才成为可能;

2. 每天出声朗读也是一种说的练习，它能够培养出你的"英语脑"，使你能够按照朗读时的节奏和速度说出英语来;

3. 不断练习朗读，你会在某个时刻发现自己已经打开了完全不同的新的超记忆回路。然后你就会拥有超级记忆，甚至不需要再过6个星期。

第四、速看、速听、速记

右脑能够进行快速、大量的记忆。通过眼睛和耳朵尽可能快而多地获取信息，这样就能够促进右脑的活性化。速听就是用平常的2～4倍的速度来听。用这种方法来听 英语 故事 或单词，能够让你在短时间内迅速记住大量信息。快速读、听、记是一种三位一体的训练方法，即一边用眼睛快速地看教材，一边听以倍速播放的磁带，按照磁带播放的速度来看。这种方法能够提高脑神经细胞间的电流速度，所以信息的传递也会变快。这样，大脑的运转变快了，思考速度和记忆速度也都会变快。右脑的意识速度是左脑的100万倍，所以用左脑读书一分钟能够看400～600字，而用右脑速读则能用一分钟看完一本书，甚至能够把书中的内容从第一个词到最后一句一模一样地写出来。左脑的语言记忆是很容易忘却的，但是右脑的图像记忆能够让你过目不忘，并且以后随时能够想起那些图景。这是一种特殊的能力。

第五、听抄(写)练习

人刚出生时，能够听见160～20000赫兹音域内所有的声音，对自己听不惯的声音就设下关卡，不让它们进入耳朵。耳朵适应这些本来听不惯的声音只需要3个月，这就是为什么各国语言的发音都不一样的缘故。因为音域完全不同，所以听不懂别的语言，自然也就不会说了。"深层听觉(Deep Listening)"是多摩大学校长格里高利.克拉克所主张的一种听的方法。它的做法是：一边听着英语磁带，一边把听到的东西正确地写下来;把听了很多遍都听不懂的内容空在一边，等全部写完后再根据教材检查一下那些怎么也听不懂的地方，这样就能够提高英语的听力。深层听觉法中有几个需要注意的地方。第一是听音的障碍。深层听觉法需要每天认真坚持，起码要坚持3个月。3个月以后，你会在某一天突然发现听音的障碍已经消失了，自己已经能够听懂英语了。所以，听抄练习才是提高听力水平的最有效途径。

雅思听力核心题目的答题方法

干扰信息出现的情况如此多变复杂，我们的解决方法也不可能单一。有一大类的干扰信息的排除是可以在题目中就找到线索的，这就是我们所谓的限定词。通过仔细审题，找准题目中已经出现的限定词，可以帮助我们有效排除干扰。

1、限定词的定义

所谓限定词，就是在题目中出现，起到限定答案范围作用的词。换句话说，限定词可以帮助我们圈定答案范围，从而排除不符合限定的干扰信息。我们还是用一个例子来说明限定词的作用。

例4：

剑桥5 Test 4 Section 1

Intended length of stay: 3. ___________

原文：I’m planning on staying a year but at the moment I’m definitely here forfour months only.

答案：1 year

解析：我们可以从题目中的length of stay，预测出我们要填的是一个表示时间的答案。在原文中我们听到了两个时间：one year和four months。那么我们从何判断出哪个是正确答案，哪个是干扰信息呢?这时候就要看题目中的“Intended”了，这个词表示“计划、打算”，于是限定了我们的答案必须是“打算住多久”。显然原文中的“I’m definitely here for four months”并不符合题目要求，而“I’m planning on staying a year”才是我们要的答案。题目中的“intended”和原文中的“planning”同义转换了。在这里，“intended”就是限定词。很明显，如果我们没有注意到这道题中的限定词，是无法排除干扰信息的。

2、怎样发现限定词

确切的说，我们要学习怎么判断一道题目中有没有限定词，以及哪些是限定词。要在审题的短短几十秒内做到这点，需要大量的练习和经验。

1)、形容词

剑桥5 Test 4 Section 1

Maximum price: 9 ￡__________ a week

maximum表示最大，显然干扰信息一定都比正确答案要小。类似的词还有：minimum最小，most最多，least最小，major大部分的，minor小部分的，first第一，last最后，等等。

剑桥6 Test 3 Section 3

24 Jack thinks the music preferences of __________ listeners are similar.

看到similar，我们想到的恐怕不是same就是different吧!在这题中，same和similar同义转换，干扰信息就是表示different的内容。所以注意这个词就对了!

剑桥5 Test 1 Section 1

Next tour date 3 __________

原文中出现两个日期，一个是April 18th，一个是June 2nd，显然我们要填较近的那个日期。

通过以上例子我们可以发现，形容词作限定词的范围是非常之广的，但是显然，并不是题目中出现的所有形容词都是限定词。在判断限定词的时候，我们一定要记住，限定词的作用是缩小答案范围，那些只是单纯起修饰作用，没有限定作用，并且非常容易被替换的形容词，是无需注意的。比如：

剑桥4 Test 1 Section 1

good 1 _________

剑桥5 Test 3 Section 3

useful to have 24 _________

剑桥6 Test 2 Section 2

17 _________ essential

这三道题目中的三个形容词，不是被彻底替换了，就是在空后出现，还有的连替代词都没有出现。

2)、表示时间的词或 短语

在题目中出现表示时间的词的时候，常常意味着在原文中会出现好几个时间，只有符合题目时间要求的内容才是正确答案，其余都是干扰信息。比如：

剑桥6 Test 2 Section 2

13 Trains for London depart every _________ each day during the week.

剑桥5 Test 1 Section 3

Questions 24&25

What TWO types of coursework are required each month on the part-time course?

剑桥4 Test 3 Section 2

12. What will the reviewer concentrate on today?

剑桥4 Test 4 Section 4

37 The average number of sharks caught in nets each year is

A 15 B 150 C 1500

3)、表示地点的词或短语

表示地点的词和表示时间的情况相同，也要注意多个地点出现。

剑桥5 Test 2 Section 4

average daily requirement for an adult in Antarctica is approximately 37__________ kilocalories

4)、表示程度的词或短语

剑桥5 Test 2 Section 1

Fines start at 5 ￡_________

Computers can be booked up to 6 _________ hours in advance

剑桥5 Test 1 Section 1

8 Bookings must be made no later than _________ days in advance.

剑桥6 Test 3 Section 3

23 In total, the students must interview __________ people.

5)、附加条件

剑桥5 Test 2 Section 1

Cost to join per year (without current student card): 3 ￡_________

Numbers of items allowed: (members of public): 4 ￡_________

剑桥7 Test 4 Section 3

There will be 21 _________ minutes for questions.

雅思听力中常见的同义替换方式相关 文章 ：

★ 雅思听力中同义词替换4大类型分析

★ 雅思听力题目分类和出题特点分析

★ 雅思写作素材之媒体类

★ 雅思写作哪本书好?备考教材推荐

★ 新手必读:托福考试当天流程体验解读

如何运用托福写作词汇？

感谢您关注智课网（SmartStudy）：
同学您好：新托福写作的评分标准和雅思写作的评分标准基本相似，在语言上的考察点也很高，所以托福写作备考一定要引起高度的重视。
一、托福写作词汇运用秘籍：恰当
所谓恰当，除了拼写准确外，主要是体现在搭配恰当上。例如，修饰名词的形容词和名词必须搭配恰当，动词和宾语必须搭配恰当。此外，托福写作时不能完全依赖翻译，尤其是词不达意的翻译。否则，很有可能出现了错误的搭配，导致考官无法理解，下面是一些常见的搭配错误：
1. prompt &；promote
不少考生没法区分两个词prompt(促使)和promote(促进)之间的区别。我们通过两个句子来看一下。
错误用法：There are three factors that promote people to go abroad。
正确用法：There are three factors that prompt people to go abroad。
2 train &； develop
表示“培养，养成”等意思时，容易不假思索地使用train，但是正确的词汇是develop，cultivate，nurture等。如：
错误用法： The younger generations are hoped to train their independence as soon as possible。
正确用法： The younger generations are hoped to develop their independence as soon as possible。
二、托福写作词汇运用秘籍：有变化
所谓有变化，就是指考生在新托福写作备考中，一个词最好只出现一次，第二次或后几次出现时用其他的词来替换。替换的方法有同义词，语法结构的变化，以及下义词等方法。
1. 同义词
关于老年人的话题在新托福考试中曾经出现过，情况对“老年人”的多样表达：
the elderly，the old，the aged，ageing population，the retired，senior citizens
下面是新托福写作材料中，摘抄的两段话，非常形象的体现了一个词的多样表达，先看第一段，请大家注意“奇怪的”这个词在这一段话中的使用：
Certainly no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber. All living creatures，especially human beings，have their peculiarities，but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that，among other eccentricities，eats mud，feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods，and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets？
所以说，合理的遣词会让你的托福写作更有逻辑性，更能被考官接受，这些都是需要我们在托福写作备考中慢慢养成和锻炼的。
详情可咨询智课网官方网站备考咨询http://www.smartstudy.com/

比较级题型在托福写作中的运用

在托福考试中有个比较词就是我们再熟悉不过的“than”对于这类题型成为比较级，那么在托福写作中运用比较级呢，一起跟着我了解一下具体情况。

比较级题型在托福写作中的运用

根据往年的题型，我们把托福写作题型中有比较词“than” 的题型称之为比较级题型，如下面题型所示：

It is more important for a teacher to help students gain self-confidence than to teach specific knowledge.(对于老师来说，帮助学生建立自信心比教授具体知识更加重要。)

It is more important for students to study history and literature than it is for them to study science and mathematics.(对于学生来说，学习历史和文学比学习科学和数学更加重要。)

Physical exercise is more important for older people than younger people.(体育锻炼对老年人来说比对年轻人更重要。)

Good looks and clothing are more important for success than good ideas.(要想获得成功，漂亮的长相和着装比好的思想更重要。)

Relating well with other people is more important to future career success than studying hard at school.(对未来职业成功发展来说，与他人搞好关系比在学校努力学习更重要。)

那么针对这类题型我们如何进行写作呢?下面我们以具体题型为例进行分析：

It is more important for a teacher to help students gain self-confidence than to teach specific knowledge.(对于老师来说，帮助学生建立自信心比教授具体知识更加重要。)

首先，我们可以采用一边倒结构，它适用于一般的托福 作文 。它通常是选择题目中的一个方面，进行赞同或反对论证。

如：

A1>B1;

A2>B2;

A3>B3;

也就是说，

开头段：引言(表明观点)

第二段：赞同理由之一

第三段：赞同理由之二

第四段：赞同理由之三

结尾段：结论(呼应开头段)

或者，

B1>A1;

B2>A2;

B3>A3;

开头段：引言(表明观点)

第二段：反对理由之一

第三段：反对理由之二

第四段：反对理由之三

结尾段：结论(呼应开头段)

再或者

A1>B1

A2>B2

B strength /A weakness

开头段：引言(表明观点)

第二段：赞同理由之一

第三段：赞同理由之二

第四段：虽然B strength(to teach specific knowledge也有优势)，或者A weakness(只是帮助学生获得自信也有不足之处)，但是总的来说，我认为A>B。

结尾段：结论(呼应开头段)

下面我们以这道题为例，具 体操 作一下：

1. For primary school students especially those who introverts, gaining self-confidence is more important than specific knowledge:(对于小学生来说,尤其是那些性格内向的小学生，建立自信比学习具体知识更重要)：

第二段：理由一：enables them to obtain surprising achievements in game. The movie: Facing Giants. Without self-confidence, students wouldn’t have courage to face challenges in study.(建立自信可以帮助孩子在比赛中取得超常的成绩。如电影“面对巨人”。没有自信，学生就没有勇气克服学习中遇到的困难和挑战。如果建立自信，他/她也会更加努力地学习具体知识。)

第三段：理由二：better performance at school. A study by the University of Texas showed that students who received some expression of confidence in their ability—even while receiving criticism—performed better later on than those who were simply told to aim for higher standards.(在学校中获得更好的表现。得克萨斯大学的一项研究表明，如果学生能够得到对他们能力自信的表达，即便同时也收到了批评，他们的表现也会比那些只是被告知要定睛于更高标准的学生更优秀。)

第四段：虽然教授学生具体知识也非常重要，但是，从 教育 本身的目的来说，我个人认为建立自信更加重要。

托福写作：教你搞定“非主流”题型

三选一与问题分析类题型

【三选一】作为托福独立写作中的一类常见题，通常会基于某个话题给出三个选项，让童鞋们挑选其中一个认为最好的进行展开讨论，例如：

Which way do you think is the best for a student to make friends?

Join a sports team，participate in community activities or travel?

每当托福考生遇到这样的题目，内心一定是崩溃的，一方面因为我们写惯了二选一比较级类型题，思路是比较模式化的，然而对于三选一题目准备并不充分，导致考场思路严重短路。

【问题分析类】是比较罕见的一类题型，但考试碰见这类题型，还是比较蒙圈的，通常是给出一个问题，让童鞋们分析论证。

如何搞定写作难题?

三选一与问题分析类题目作为独立写作偏 议论文 的文体，考生需要在一定时间内自圆其说地表明自己的立场，并给出相应的论证说理和事实举例。

三选一，到底选哪个?

对于有“纠结症”的童鞋，三选一写作就有些困难了，三个选项看起来都好有道理的样子，如何才能表明自己的立场呢?这时候，你就需要知道考官想要你选哪个，去“迎合”考官的口味!

托福写作十种高分句式

(一)、否定句

1、Instead of indulging in playing computer games, children should be taught how to benefit from useful information on the internet. 应该教孩子们如何从互联网获取有益的信息，而不是沉溺于玩电脑游戏。

2、On no account (Under no circumstances)can we ignore the immense value of knowledge. 我们绝不能忽视知识的巨大价值。

3、College students take part-time jobs not for more money but for a better understanding of societies. 大学生参加兼职工作不是为了赚更多钱，而是为了更好地了解社会。

4、One’s salary does not depend so much on his educational background as on his ability and contribution to the society. 一个人的工资与其说取决于他的教育背景倒不如说取决于他的能力和对社会的贡献。

5、In terms of nutrition, fast food is far from satisfactory. 从营养角度来说，快餐远非令人满意。

6、Parents would not expect their children to become useful persons without working hard. 父母们不能指望孩子们不经过刻苦努力就可以成才。

(二)、非限制性定语从句

1、Undoubtedly, practical courses can be used to the reality, which is of vital importance to their development in the future. 毫无疑问，实用性课程可以用于实际中，这对于他们未来发展是非常重要的。2、Children tend to imitate what they have seen and heard on mass media, which is sometimes dangerous and harmful. 孩子们倾向于模仿大众媒体上的所见所闻，这在有时是危险和有害的。3、The majority of students believe that part-time jobs will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets. 大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展 人际交往 能力, 这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的.

(三)、让步句

1、This view is widely acknowledged;however，there is little evidence that smoking is beneficial to people’s health. 这个观点被广泛认可，然而，几乎没有证据表明吸烟对人们健康有利。

2、Although(While) the computer has been widely used in class, it cannot replace the role of teachers. 尽管计算机已经广泛用于课堂，但是它不能取代教师的作用。3、Reasonable as the opinion sounds, it cannot bear much analysis. 虽然这个观点听起来有道理，但是它经不住分析 4、In spite of a lot of conveniences that cars bring to people’s life, they can create a series of serious problems. 尽管汽车给人们的生活带来了许多便利，但是也产生了一系列严重的问题。

(四)、It引导的 句子

1、It is hard to imagine what our life would look like without computers in modern society. 很难想象如果现代社会没有了计算机，我们的生活会变成什么样子。

2、It is conceivable that being physically active does good to health. 可想而知，积极参加体育活动有利于身体健康。

3、It is a highly controversial issue whether women should join the armed forces or not. 女性是否应该参军是一个非常有争议的问题。

4、It is universally acknowledged that water and air are indispensable to human beings. 人们普遍认为，水和空气对人类不可缺少。

5、It is essential that endangered species of animals be protected against being killed. 保护濒危的动物物种免遭残杀是必需的。

6、It is high time that the government took effective measures to resolve these problems. 该是政府采取有效 措施 来解决这些问题的时候了。

7、It has been made easier for modern people to communicate with each other by the internet in a few seconds. 现代人很容易通过互联网在几秒钟内就取得联系。

8、It is worth caring about the way a child behaves. 关心孩子们的行为方式是值得的。

9、It is no use crying over the spilt milk. 覆水难收。

10、It has been a few decades since the computer came into being. 自从计算机问世以来已经有几十年的时间了。

(五)、假设句

1、If we destroy old buildings, then we will ruin the traditional culture and heritage. 如果我们推倒老房子，就要破坏传统的 文化 和遗产。

2、You would miss the chance to interact with other students if you used internet at home. 假如你在家上网，你就会失去与其他同学交流的机会。

3、once you change your present job, you will be faced with the danger of being unemployed. 一旦你变换了现在的工作，就面临着失业的危险。

(六)、倒装句

1、only in this way can the problem be tackled properly. 只有这样才能妥善地解决这个问题。

2、only when children take arduous efforts can they become successful. 只有当孩子们付出艰苦的努力他们才能获得成功。

3、Not only does studying in school serve academic purpose, but students learn how to handle interpersonal relations. 在校学习不仅为了学术目的，而且还可以学会如何处理人际关系。

4、Under no circumstances should youngsters follow negative information on mass media blindly. 青少年决不应当盲从大众媒体上的不良信息。

5、So valuable is water that we cannot afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。

6、Nowadays, most dangerous for youngsters is the tendency to indulge in playing PC games. 如今对青少年最为危险的事情是倾向于过多地玩电脑游戏。

(七)、强调句

1、It is for the benefit of maintaining the ecological balance that human beings ought to protect the endangered animal species.正是为了维持生态平衡，人类才应该保护地球上濒危的动物物种。

2、It is not until people suffer from some fatal diseases such as SARS and AIDS that they are becoming aware of how significant it is for the government to invest more money in medical care. 直到人们患了像非典和爱滋病这样致命的疾病时，才意识到政府把更多的钱投入到医疗上的重要性。

3、Nothing in the world is more valuable than health.

(八)、比较句

1、Studies show that juvenile delinquency rates are twice as high for youngsters from single-parent families as for those in traditional households. (同级比较)研究表明来自单亲家庭的青少年犯罪率是来自传统家庭的两倍。

2、Generally speaking, people in modern times enjoy less leisure time than they did previously. (比较级)一般说来，现代人比过去享有更少的休闲时间。

3、Compared with those with different abilities, children with intelligence do more well in their school work and intelligence tests. 与不同能力的孩子相比，聪明的孩子在学业和智力测验方面表现更加突出。

4、Contrary to pop stars, other professionals like doctors and teachers create the true value for their society. 与明星不同，其他专业人员如医生和教师为社会创造了真正的价值。

5、Air is to human what (as) water is to fish. 空气对人类就如同水对鱼一样。

(九)、插入语

1、Computers, most important of all, create wide communication around the world. 最重要的是，计算机在世界范围内建立了广泛的交流。

2、Providing more parking areas, in the long run, has proved to be a practical way out in many large cities in the world. 从长远的利益来看，提供更多的停车位被证实是许多世界大城市切实可行的出路。

3、Observing local culture, consciously and unconsciously, can reduce the chance of offending the locals, or it will lead to the embarrassment and even conflict. 无论是否意识到，遵循当地的文化可以减少冒犯当地人的机会，否则，就会导致尴尬甚至冲突。

4、Space exploration, some people believe, will bring some unexpected discoveries. 有人相信空间探索将会带来意想不到的发现。

(十)、原因句

1、Violent films can do harm to young people, because they contains numerous negative information. 暴力影片对年轻人是有害的，因为其中包含大量负面信息。

2、Human beings are chiefly responsible for wild animal extinction. 野生动物灭绝的主要责任在人类。

3、We should attribute (ascribe)medical advances to the animals which do substantial contributions to the experiment. 我们应该把医学的发展归因于动物对实验做出的巨大贡献。

4、Because of overpopulation, water shortage has become one of the most serious problems. 由于人口过剩，水短缺已经成为一个最严重的问题。

5、Owing to the fierce competition in today’s world, a great many young people find themselves under great pressure. 由于当今世界的激烈竞争，大量的年轻人承受巨大的压力。

比较级题型在托福写作中的运用相关 文章 ：

1. 托福写作中最常用的十大句型

2. 托福作文考试:20171118托福独立写作

3. 托福写作思路如何合理把握?明确审题最关键

4. 托福独立写作中的常见错误详解

5. 2017年2月26日托福写作真题回顾资料

6. 托福考试写作:20171111托福独立写作

7. 托福写作20到27分,我是这样提分的

8. 托福考试:20170826(下午)托福独立写作解析和范文

9. 如何避开托福写作中的陷阱?

10. 托福写作:20170909托福独立写作解析与范文

九月份有托福考试吗？

托福阅读篇：

托福考试改革之后，我们发现阅读部分仍然延续多套题拼盘的出题特点，套题数量有所增加，整体的难度上基本保持不变。文章题材上生物占比比较多，也有一些天文，艺术类文章。段落长度增加，加试文章依然较难，建议学生利用好TPO的题目去夯实自己的阅读基本功。很多文章是重复近几年考过的文章，特别是16-19年的题目，建议考生可以利用机经回忆了解考题背景知识。

例如：刚刚结束的9月21日的托福考试，阅读第一篇文章介绍了珊瑚礁的产生缘由，完全重复了2016年6月25日的托福阅读文章The Origin of Coral Reefs；

又如9月22日的托福考试中，其中有一篇文章介绍了欧洲的农业发展，重复了2017年12月9日的托福阅读文章，也与TPO23-2 Seventeenth-Century Dutch Agriculture讲解的内容非常类似。

所以我们预测，在接下来10月份的托福考试中，托福阅读部分的考察内容仍然以自然科学类（尤其是生物地质类）为主，穿插人文科学类（文学，历史类文章）和社会科学类（人类学等）。近期练习中，除了以TPO里面的相关文章精读分析之外，还建议考生能把最近出现的词汇题认真背诵，配合北美考试院内部历年真题文章汇总的精读练习，让自己的备考更加有针对性。

附：9月份托福考试词汇题汇总

capacity

cycle

reliably

discrepancy

temporarily

detect

chronology

fixed

extensive

chaotic

Ornament

sole

aggregate

roughly

prolonged

net

reluctant

rarely

concentrated

cluster

advent

detach=seperate

successive=following

stringent=strict

alter=change

inaugurating=starting

plausible

multifaceted

subtle

complicated

ambuiguities

relentless

minute

stringent

dense

parallel

reflect

medicore

basics

confirming=supporting

Exploit=take advantage of

Impetus=motivation

Presumably=probably

Vicinity=region

Drastic=severe

Constrain=limit

Manipulate=control

Elaborate=complex

Surpass=overcome, exceed, transcend, top…

Advantageous=beneficial, favorable, helpful, useful, conducive…

Obscure=unknown, fuzzy, dark, vague…

Myriad=countless, innumerable…

Intensity=stress, tension…

Assert=maintain, submit, advocate, insist…

Adapt=modify, adjust, suit…

托福听力篇：

9月份考试听力部分均以多套套题组合的形式出现，且有加试。听力考试难度还是相对比较稳定的，但是存在其中一些话题的讲座专业性高，理解难度大。因此，从整体形式看，考试对考生不仅是基础，包括学科专业词汇的要求均有提高。

最近参加托福考试的学员，确实越来越多的人反映，说“托福听力难度提升了”，那这个感觉是如何产生的呢？

其实，托福听力的难度一直居高不下。与2017-2018年相比，2019年 的考试一次会有 3-4套题目，这四套题目中的难度不是完全平均的，而且总体的难度都不低，体现在三个方面：

1. 题材：比如学生场景词不足会觉得微生物题材比哺乳动物题材难

2. 出题层次不是按照常规套路：会有一些反规律或没有明显考点提示词的题目，对于考点预判制造很大难度，对于分层不熟练的同学经常感觉摸不到头绪；

3. 选项出的非常 “绕”：也就是混淆度很高，没有对于题目非常熟悉，没有经过严格培训，很容易落入出题人的圈套。

所以想要托福听力立于不败之地，还是要夯实基础，跟着优秀的老师，学习方法，加强精听训练，系统掌握才能立于不败之地。

在lecture的考察中，主题仍然以生物类和艺术类篇章为主，这两类主题的文章在9月份整个的托福听力考试中占比达到50%以上，所以这两类话题一定要作为我们接下来备考托福听力的重点。除此之外，同学们普遍反映比较难的一些篇章，例如天文类，考古类文章等，基本也都会出现在每次的托福考试当中，所以建议同学们在平时练习中针对这种学科的lecture进行分类专项练习。

综上所述，针对10月备考托福的学员来说，建议有两点：

1. 夯实基础，加强精听训练；

2. 针对较难学科（例如天文学，考古学等）进行专项训练。

托福口语篇：

自从8月10日托福考试改革以来，托福口语的难度总体变化不大，所以备考方法上对于同学们的影响也不大，近期独立题经常重复出的以前的题库，综合口语部分也基本都是常考话题，最经典的生物学和心理学，基本很少涉及很难的词汇和很偏僻的话题。

附：2019年10月托福口语独立题大范围机经预测

1. Some people think historical sites should be open to the general public, but some people think historical sites should only be open to experts and researchers. Which do you think it better.

2. Nowadays, lots of students have already buy their own computer, do you think it is good for university to offer campus-own computers?

3. Agree or disagree: We should always tell our parents and friends where we are and what we are doing?

4. Some schools decide to cancel winter and summer breaks so that children can stay in school all year round. Do you think this is a good idea or not?

5. Do you agree or disagree that students would learn more if the teachers assign them with more schoolwork?

6. Some people like to purchase a product they like as soon as the product is available in the market, some however, prefer to wait until the price of the product becomes more accessible. Which way do you prefer?

7. What is your opinion on the following statement: students should be allowed to take snacks and beverage into classrooms?

8. When meeting problems in daily life, some like to solve it in a serious way while others tend to deal with these setbacks in a humorous way. Which way do you think is better? Give your explanations in your response.

9. If the following two things overlap with each other, which would you prefer: dinner together with your family or attend your friends’ party on the weekend?

10. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The most important element of a successful school is experienced teachers.

托福写作篇：

在9月的托福考试独立写作中，我们最关注的的教育类话题占比很少，取而代之的是对于生活类，工作类以及政府环境类的考察。例如在刚刚结束的9月22日托福考试当中，独立写作题目考察了关于环境保护以及政府政策的旧题（重复2015年12月12日）

例:

Some companies provide important products or service, but also damage environment. Some people believe that government should require more penalty, higher tax and larger fine of these companies, while others believe there are better ways. Which do you prefer?

这道题可以从如何保护环境，尤其是减少工业污染角度思考。当然，提高惩罚和税收可以在某种程度上减少工业污染，但是，这不一定有效，因为企业可以有很多其他方法转移成本。此外，其他方法，比如开发新技术提高能源利用率，开发新能源，提高企业主保护环境的意识等也可以很好地解决这个问题，因此，我们可以写成如下三个主体段：

第一个主体段：这项政策看上去有效，但实际上没有效果。

第二个主体段：开发新技术更好。

第三个主体段：推动“环保标志”产品发展更好

而9月1日的托福写作独立题：Nowadays it is easier to maintain good health than it was in the past.有关生活类话题的考察，也是重复了2017年8月26日的托福考试独立写作题目。

这里我们特别重点关注一下9月21日的托福考试独立写作题目，Should spend money to build a garden for everyone in the town or a sports field for a high school?这个政府类话题分别在重复2013.12.20/ 2012.9.8/ 2011.3.11的托福考试中出现了3次，所以我们也不难发现，托福独立写作题目也会不断的出现旧题，这更加体现出了考前刷机经的重要性。

附：2019年10月托福写作独立题大范围机经预测

1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:

The use of devices that can be connected to the internet, like computers, phones and ipads, should be prohibited from the classroom.

Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

2. People are busy in work or school. They want to spend time on learning new things. Which one will you choose to learn?

a) Learn a sport that you have never played before.

b) Learn to cook food that you haven’t prepared before.

c) Learn to make something by hand, such as clothing or jewelry.

3. Rather than help their children do schoolwork, parents should encourage their children do their homework independently.

4. Some young people are free in the evenings or have days off at school, which way can bring them the most benefit? a) To accumulate work experience by a part-time job or volunteering in a community b) Learning to play a sport c) Learning to play a musical instrument

5. Students aged 13-18 are taught different subjects by different teachers while younger students are taught by only one teacher all day long. Some people suggest it would benefit young students to be taught by different teachers. Do you agree with this view? Why or why not?

6. Which way do you think is the most effective way for a school to reduce the phenomenon of cheating on exams? a) to increase punishment for cheating b) to ask parents to monitor their children c) to ask teachers to create other exam situations in which students can hardly cheat

7. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

The most important ways to improve the people’s health is to clean the environment.

8. Do you agree or disagree the following statement: The more money a person has, the more should he or she give away to charities.

9. High school graduates usually have two months’ break before they go to college or university. The high school now requires all the graduates to do one of the following to take full advantage of this break.

a) Students need to attend classes to complete university-level courses that have direct connection to their majors of study.

b) Students need to join a team led by their teacher to visit museums or historical sites and write a paper about it.

Which one do you think is more beneficial for students? Why?

10. If your friend want to reduce living expenses, what would you suggest a) share rent with roommate b) less frequency to buy smart phones

c) buy less expensive food and cook at home.

托福考试中容易用混的词(2)

Mr. Smith is a lawyer, but Mr. Thompson is not my attorney.

counsel是指给当事人出主意并代当事人在法庭说话的法律顾问或辩护律师，在

法庭上，法官称呼参与审讯的律师也用counsel。

由于lawyer一词使用太多，加上西方社会对律师时有讥讽和诽闻，这个词多少带

有贬义，因此律师一般自称attorney。实际上这三个词经常可以互换。

avenge, revenge

avenge更多地含有“伸张正义”的意义

revenge侧重“报复”

用avenge时，主语往往不是受害者;受害者或具体事件作为avenge的宾语。

revenge，主语通常是受害者本人，因此后可接反身代词，

He revenged himself.

banquet, feast

从词源上看，banquet原意是bench(长凳)，古时西方人同坐在长凳上吃喝就是

“宴会”了，出席者一般有一定的身份，因而banquet带有正式和庄重的意味。因此

banquet多用于宴请外国首脑或较正式的公务、商务宴请。

feast则用于娱乐性的宴请，或家宴。

base, basis, foundation

base做名词时意为“底部”、“底座”等，多用于具体事物。

basis一般用于抽象事物。

base也可用于抽象事物，如：the base of a theory(理论基础)，这时它和

basis区别不大，然而basis在现代英语中用得越来越广泛。尤以on a .. basis为

甚：on a countract basis (合同制)foundation指具体事物时和base相似，但

一般指高大建筑物的基础;用于指抽象事物时与basis相似。无论指哪一种，

foundation 均给人以坚实和牢固的感觉。

bona fide, bona fides

bona fide: adv. adj. in good faith

bona-fide enquiries 诚意的询问

bona fides: n. good faith

His bona fides is beyond dou我是远方的一颗尘埃

capital ,capitol

capital: the seat of government 首都、首府

capitol: the buliding in which the government sits 政府大楼

the Capitol --- 美国国会大厦

chef , cook

chef 来自法语，似乎身价更高一些，多指大酒楼的厨师

cook 源于古英语，多指一般的厨师或炊事人员

childish , childlike

childish 孩子气的，指孩子不如人意的地方，如不懂事、幼稚、傻气等，带有

贬义

childlike 孩子般的，多指孩子讨人喜欢的方面，如天真、纯洁、真诚等

company , firm

根据英美企业法，firm只是指partnership(合伙公司)或unincorporated

business(非责任有限公司)，

company则可指corporation(责任有限公司)。

complement, compliment

complement: v. (使)完成、补充、补足 n. 补充物

compliment v. n. 表扬、赞美

comprehend understand

understand是深度和广度都超过comprehend的“理解”

You may comprehend every word in this passage, but you may not

understand its overall meaning.

consistent ,persistent

consistent: adj. 前后一致的，始终如一的

persistent: adj. 坚持不懈的，锲而不舍的

constrain ,restrain

constrain: 强迫、迫使

restrain: 束缚、限制行动

记忆要诀：con-前缀一般都有“把。聚集/汇拢在一起”的意念，带有强制性

的感觉，因此constrain 是“强迫、迫使”re-前缀一般是指“向后的运动”

discreet. discrete, discretion

discreet /di’skrit, di’skri:t/: a. (of people or their

behaviour) careful and polite, esp. in what one chooses (not) to say;

showing good sense and judgement a discreet

silence,opposite(反义词):indiscreet

discrete /di’skrit, di’skri:t/ a. (esp. tech or fml) seperate,

discontinuous

discretion: n. (1) the quality of being discreet (2) the ability

to decide what is most suitable to be done (3) at someone’

discretion: according to someone’s decision (4) years of discretion:

the/an age when one is considered (5) discretion is the better part

of valour

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