教培参考
教育培训行业知识型媒体
发布时间: 2024年11月23日 08:07
重点词组：
Why not… =Why don’t you…
go upstairs上楼
go downstairs下楼
A moment later一会以后
study 书房 学习
in the front of the house
在屋子（里面的）前面
in front of the house
在屋子（外面的）前面
talk about+n/v-ing谈论,议论,讨论某事
talk with 与某人交谈
put them away 把他们收拾好
Look after = take care of照顾
play with “与某人一起玩”
in the tree（外物附着）在树上
on the tree 树本身长出来的花，树叶等
on the wall在墙上
in the wall 在墙里
on the river浮在水面上
over the river 在河上（悬空）
tell sb about sth告诉某人关于某事
tell sb to do sth 让某人做某事
tell sb sth告诉某人某事
want to do 想要做某事
重点句型:
There are two bedrooms and a small
有两张床和一个小的书房。
There is a lamp, a computer, some books and so
有一个台灯，一个电脑，一些书等等。
— Is there a computer in your study?
在你的书房有一台电脑吗？
—Yes, there
是的，有。
Don't put them Put them
不要把他们放这儿，把他们收拾起来
There are many beautiful flowers in the garden, but there aren’t any trees in
花园里有许多漂亮的花，但是却没有树。
out of sight , out of mind 眼不见，心不烦
accept 接受（指主观） receive 收到（指客观）
be busy doing 忙着做某事
I’m on 我正在度假。 on vacation 在度假
at one’s house 在某人的家，house 可省略
Would you…? 表示“客气地请求” ，would比will更委婉
on both sides of … 在。的两边 = on each side of … 在……的每一边 = on either side of … 在……的任何一边（两边）
on the other side of … 在……的对面/另一边
make sure 确保，弄清楚
40 km2 读作 40 square kilometers
lie （用来表明地理位置），意为“位于”
1) to the + 方位名词 + of … 指互不接壤并互不管辖的两个地区
2) in the + 方位名词 + of … 指在某一范围之内的地区
3) on the + 方位名词 + of … 指相互接壤但互不管辖的两个地区
face south 坐北朝南，面对南面
It’s about two and a half half hours by 骑自行车（到那里）大约两个半小时。
by the way 顺便说一下 in the old days 在古代，在旧社会 at the foot of … 在……脚下
through 穿过，通过 survey(ed) the area 勘察这个地方
in the northwest of … 在……的西北 southwest 是合成的方位名词
two and a half hours = two hours and a half
“时间 + 交通方式”可以表示具体的路程长短
It’s a two-hour = It’s two hours’ = It’s two hours by bus/by bike/on
passage 长廊；一节 arrive at（小地方）/in（大地方） ……到达 walk through 穿过 take out 拿出
wonder 古物，奇迹 be surprised at 对……感到惊讶 step on one’s toes踩到某人的脚趾
push one’s way out 挤出去 out of sight 看不见 too…to… 太……以至于不能……
not until 直到……才…… raise one’s head 抬起某人的头
as soon as 一……就…… jump up and down 蹦起来，跳起来
room,place与space
①room 可作可数名词，意为“房间” ，如：The twins share a small
room也可作不可数名词，意为“空间” ，如：There is enough room for two more in the
②place意为“空地” ，其含义比较具体，且往往指座位，有时与seat 同义
place也意为“地位” ，如：The singer has a place in the history of American
③space意为“太空，宇宙” ，是不可数名词
space也意为“空地，空间”，可根据情况作不可数或可数名词
stop要双写再 + ed ， + ing （即stopped，stopping）
in all directions = in every direction ,意为“在四面八方”
in the direction of 意为“朝……方向”
in one’s direction意为“朝着某人的方向”
beat fast 跳动得很快
be surprised to do 惊奇地去做某事
can’t help doing 忍不住 be famous for 以……而著名be happy with 对……感到满意
get off 下（车、马等） get on 上（车、马等）
have fun exploring 从考察中获得乐趣 have fun (in) doing 从……中获得乐趣，高兴地做某事，兴致勃勃地做某事
ask for help 向某人求助
There you are! 你在这啊！
at last 最后 pay attention to 注意 get up 起床 stand for 象征 take picture(s) 拍照 shout at 大声喊
look for 寻找 Thank goodness! 谢天谢地! be lost 失踪 get lost 迷路
can’t/couldn’t help 后面接v-ing 形式时，意为“禁/忍不住做某事” ，其后面接动词不定式时，可省略to,意为“不能做某事”
here and there = everywhere 到处，处处
until 与not 连用时，主句动词常为短暂性动词，这是它可与before互换；当until 不与not 连用时，主句动词要求是延续性动词
若主句是过去时态，时间状语从句通常也用相应的过去时态。
时间状语从句常用一般现在时态来表示将来。
be perfect for 对于……来说最合适 full day 整天 city tour of 城内游 Spring Festival 春节 leave for 离开某地到某地
notice to do 注意到某人做某事
die dying lie lying
打电话常用语：
1) Hello! 你好
2) May I speak to … ? 我要找……（……在么？） = I’d like to speak to…?
3) This is … (speaking). 这里是……（我是……）
4) Who’s that? 你是谁？
5) Is that … (speaking)? 你是……么？
It makes me feel
How long have you felt like this = How long have you been like this?
felt/been 的现在完成时，构成是 have/has + 过去分词
hate = don’t(doesn’t) love
Good night 晚安
make do 使某人做某事 make () + 使某物(某人)处于某种状态
let do 让某人做某事
can’t be 表示否定推测，意思是“不可能”，而must be 表示肯定推测，意思是“一定” 。
tell about 告诉某人有关某事 tell a story 告诉某人一个故事 tell a lie 说谎
tell (not) to do 告诉某人不要做某事
at the end of 在……的尽头，在……末 at the beginning (of) 在……的开始
at the middle (of) 在……的中间
take turns to do 轮流做某事 in turn 依次，逐个地
ask (not) to do 让某人（不要）做某事，命令某人（不要）做某事
instead of = in place of 代替
come over 过来
get along with = get on with 与……相处
smile at life 微笑面对人生
at the English corner 在英语角
in good health 健康状况良好
in a good mood 心情好 in a bad mood 心情坏
put on 上演； 穿上，戴上
prepare for 为。做准备
doesn’t(didn’t) work 无用，没用，无法工作
in bed (病倒)在床上 (no) with （没有）和某人在一起
be full of （指状态）充满 fill with （指动作）充满，把……充满
too…for to … 对某人来说太。以至于不能。
have sad thought(s) 有坏想法 ，thought 为可数名词
sun shines brightly 阳光明媚
stay in good spirits = keep in good spirits 保持好心情
such as = for example 例如
get help from … 从……得到帮助 get back to 继续某事
in high spirits 情绪高 in low spirits 情绪低
当表示“考虑”时， think about 和 think of 这两个短语通常可以互换使用，其后可接名词。当表示“想到，想起，有……的看法”时，只能用 think of 。当强调“反复、仔细地考虑”时，用 think over 这个短语，当它接名词作宾语时，名词可以放在副词前，也可以放在副词后。
a sense of … ……的感觉，如：a sense of duty 责任感 a sense of direction 方向感
bring back 使某事物恢复 get back 回到（某种状态；某事上）
follow one’s advice 遵循某人的忠告
remember doing 想起曾经做某事 forget doing 忘记曾经做某事remember to do 记得做某事
【重点短语】
a test 测试，测验
2 .get/be nervous 紧张
a speech 做演讲
doing sth 练习做某事
sick/ill 生病
confident about 对……自信
a bad/good mood 心情差/好
in good spirits 心情好
sb a surprise
=give a surprise to sb给某人一个惊喜
proud of 为……感到骄傲
on 穿上，上映
/be ready for 为……做准备
…with…用……把……填满
trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth
有困难做某事
day 有一天(将来)
one day 有一天(将来/过去)
to do sth记得要去做某事
remember doing 记得做过某事
’s+ for to do sth
对某人来说做某事是……
over 仔细考虑
an important decision做一个重要的决定
sense of happiness一种幸福感
one’s advice 遵循某人的建议
take one’s advice 采纳某人建议
it 放松点，别紧张。
public 在公共场合
crowded with被……挤满
to 进入脑海，突然想出
with 和某人在一起
【词形变化】
放松
relaxed 冷静的，镇定的(修饰人)
relaxing 轻松的(修饰物)
决定
decision [可数]决定
不说话的，沉默的
silence 沉默
自信的
confidence 自信
【重点句型】
there anything wrong?
有什么问题吗?
get so nervous when I give a
当我演讲的时候我如此的紧张。
’s give Michael a surprise!
让我们给迈克一个惊喜吧。
think the moon can affect my
我认为月亮可以影响我的心情。
I ask them to come 我要求他们来这里。
I invite them to come 我邀请他们来这里。
We children 同位语 我们孩子
none = no one = nobody = nothing
None of these pens
None of us is/are afraid of
left是leave的过去分词，剩下的。
只要是系动词，后面所接的一定是表语，表语前面也一定是系动词。（即系动词+表语）
go mad 发疯了
the + (the+形容词) 指什么样的人，如 the young 年轻人，the old 老年人
a ticket to The Sound of Music . a key to the a ticket to/for ……的票/劵/入场劵
next time下次 Beijing Opera 京剧 be able to 能够 just now 刚才
have a temperature = have a fever 发烧 go well 进展顺利 set the table 摆放餐具
later =for a while for a minute
ring up = phone = telephone = call = ring ,意为“打电话给某人”
will be shown 将要播放 starring 主演
spend … on 花费……在某事上
spend …. (in) doing 花费……在做某事上
cost 的主语是物， cost(s) …
pay for … = pay … for … 付款，付酬，主语一般是人
It takes(took) some time to do 某人花费了时间去做某事
take 意为“花费”时，多指花费时间。
what … for 在口语中相当于why
because of 接名词、代词或相当于名词的短语，because 接原因状语从句。
a young woman 后置定语
alone 单独的，独自的 单独地，独自地
lonely 寂寞的，偏僻的 孤独者
perform short 表演短剧 funny plays 有趣的戏剧 had a accident 发生事故
each other 彼此 suddenly 突然地
on the night 特指某一天的晚上，要用on
用call 可以说明某物叫什么，如：He meets a boy call Xiao
be afraid of …害怕…… be afraid 恐怕
moving 感动人的：令人感动的：震撼人的
so … that … 如此……以至于……（因果状语从句）
such a + + that 从句
go(went) mad 发疯的（系动词+表语形式）
facial paintings 脸谱 wonderful gestures 优美的手势
be interested in… 对……感兴趣，而became interested in 是指以前不感兴趣，而现在感兴趣
be grateful to be grateful for 对某人（事）很感激
be on 连续性动词，持续放映
be + well 只能表示身体健康，而be + good 可以表示好
重点语法
There be 句型和方位介词短语。
重点句型
There are two bedrooms and a a
Thereis a lamp, a computer, some books and so
—Is there a computer in your study? —Yes, there
Don't put them Put
重点讲解
1 It’s on the second
在哪一层楼，用介词on。
on表示在……上面。
second是序数词，前面要用定冠词the, 意为第二(的)
巧辨异同 two与second
two是基数词
second是序数词，“第二”或“第二的”，指排列顺序。
2 in 在……里面，是方位介词。in the box in the classroom
Is there…? 表示某地存在……吗?
其肯定回答是：Yes, there
否定回答No, there isn’它的复数形式为
Are there…? 其肯定回答是：Yes, there 否定回答No, there aren’
3 巧辨异同 there be与 have
(1) there be“有”，指(某地)存在“有”。
(2) have“有”，指人或某物“拥有”。The is a dog in the The dog has two big 注：there be 遵循就近原则。be 用is还是are，取决于离该动词最近的那个名词。如果该名词是单数或不可数名词就用is，如果是复数就用are。
4 have a look看看。后面接名词时要用 如have a look at your
5 talk about“谈论，议论”，后接名词或动名词。
talk with/to “与某人交谈”
6 用来询问某地有某物，其结构为：What’s+介词短语，回答时应用there be句型。
7 play with“和……玩耍”，“玩”
play with “与某人一起玩”
8 put away 把……放好
9 look after“保管，照顾”，相当于take care
look at看……
look like看起来像……
look for寻找
look the same看起来一样
10 巧辨异同in the tree与on the tree
(1) in the tree 指外来物体在树上。
(2) on the tree树木本身长出来的花、树叶等。
11 巧辨异同like doing与like to do
like doing 表示经经常性或习惯性的兴趣、爱好。与love doing相似。
like to do 表示偶尔的、一次性的喜欢。与love to do相似。
12 I’m very glad to get a letter from 我很高兴收到你的来信。
get a letter from 收到某人的来信=hear from
Unit 1
【重点短语】
good morning/ afternoon / evening 早上/下午/晚上好
glad / nice to meet / see you 见到你很高兴
welcome to + 地点 欢迎来到……
let’s + v 让我们做……
stand up 起立
sit down 坐下
this 这是……
thanks = thank you 谢谢
see you = see you later = goodbye 再见
ID number 身份证号码
be from=come from 来自
in English 用英语
【重要句型】
---What’s your name? ---My name is
---Where are you from? ---I’m from
---Where do you come from? ---I come from
---Where is he/ she from? ---He/She is from
---What’s this/ that in English? --- It’s a/ an…
---What’re these/ those in English? ---They’re…
---How do you spell it? ---E-R-A-S-E-R,
---Can you spell it? ---Yes, M-A-P,
—How old are you/ is he/ are they?
—I’m/ He is/ They are
—What’s your telephone number?
—It’s
—What class/ grade are you in?
—I’m in Class Ten, Grade (注意大小写)
Good morning/ afternoon/
—Hello!/Hi! —Hello!/Hi!
—Nice/Glad to see/meet —Nice/Glad to see/meet you,
—Welcome to China/my —
—How do you do? —How do you do?
—How are you? —Fine, thank And you? —I’m
—See you then/ —See
— —
—Thank —You’re ’s at
【重点语法】
元音字母： Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu
包含有以下元音的字母：
[e] Aa Hh Jj Kk
[i:] Ee Bb Cc Dd Gg Pp Tt Vv
[a?] Ii Yy
[ju:] Uu Qq Ww
[e] Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss X-x Zz
大小写
句首字母，人名，地名，称呼语，专有名词，星期的首字母要大写，引人注意。
? Look!Is that Jane?
? He comes from Hubei,
? Wang, this is my
? —What class are you in?
—I’m in Class Ten, Grade
? On Sunday, we go to the West Hill for a
Be动词的用法
? 我用am，你用are，is用于他、她、它，单数用is，复数就用are。
? 含be动词的陈述句变否定句在be后加not，变一般疑问句将be提前。
? 一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes, 人称代词+ be;否定回答：No, 人称代词+be + not。
如：---They are ---They are not
---Are they teachers? ---Yes, they No, they aren’
不定冠词、定冠词和and的用法
(1)不定冠词a, an的用法
a /an 都表示“一，一个”，a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,如：a book; a desk; an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如：an apple / an orange/ an English book;/ an English boy/ an old man;/an actor/ an English teacher/ an office
(2)the是定冠词，表特指，单复数前面都可用
? We are in the same
? The girl in a pink skirt is
? Where is the book?
? This isn’t my The blue one is
(3) and的用法
? 数字相加看做单数： Two and three is
? 颜色相加也是单数: Black and white is
? 人和事物相加是复数：Lucy and Lily are The pen and the eraser are Jane’
可数名词单数变复数
(1)规则变化
① 一般在名词词尾加-s，如：car---cars; photo---photos; toy---toys; boy---boys
② 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词，在词尾加--es，如：box---boxes; bus--buses
③ 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加es，如：baby--babies; family--families
4)以fe结尾，变fe为v再加es，如：knife--- knives
(2)不规则变化
如：foot---feet; man---men; woman---women; snowman---snowmen;
(3)集体名词：people, clothes, police, family
(4)成双出现的名词：shoes, pants(trousers), gloves, eyes, ears
九. 一词多义：An orange(桔子)is orange(橙色的).
Unit 2
【重点短语】
give = give to 把某物给某人
Please give it to
look the same 长相相同
look different 长相不同，看起来不一样
look like 看起来像
He looks like his = He and his father look the
next to 在……旁边
The boy next to me is my good
in +颜色 穿着……颜色的衣服
in +a/an +颜色+衣服 穿着……颜色的……
The boy in a yellow T-shirt and gray pants is my good (1) both两者都(be动词之后，实义动词之前)
They both have brown hair and black
They are both office
(2)all 三者或三者以上都
They are all kind to
数字+(形状、大小)+颜色+
two big red apples
She has short blond
【重点句型】
Who is your favorite actor?
We are in the same school, but we are in different
What do/does +主语+look like? ……长得怎么样?
---What does he look like?
--- He is not very tall but very
We don’t look the same, but we are good
We look the same, but we are in different
---What color is/are +主语?---It’s/ They’re +颜色.
---What color is her hair? ---It’s
This is my = This cap is
Is this your cap? = Is this cap yours?
---Whose cap is this? = Whose is this cap? --- It’s Sally’
---Whose are these bananas? --- They’re their bananas/
His pants are blue and mine are (mine=my pants)
My T-shirt is green and his is (his=his T-shirt)
I have small eyes, but he has big (ones指代eyes)
My jacket is blue and That one is (one指代jacket)
【重点语法】
动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式
(1)主语是第三人称单数形式(he、she、it;单一的人;单一的名字;单一的事物)，动词要用单三形式。实义动词变第三人称单数的规则：
① 一般情况直接加“s”，如：come---comes，meet---meets
② 动词以o，s，sh，ch, x结尾，加“es”，如：do--does; go--goes; teach--teaches
③ 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，再加es, 如：study--studies, fly--flies, try--tries
④ 特殊情况：have--has
(2)句型转换
① 当主语为第三人称单数：变否定句时，在动词前加doesn’t, 动词现原形;变一般疑问句时，在句首加does，动词现原形。
一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes, 人称代词+does;否定回答：No, 人称代词+doesn’
如：She has small
---She doesn’t have small
---Does she have small eyes?
---Yes, she /No, she doesn’
② 当主语为第一、第二人称变否定句，在动词前加don’t，变一般疑问句，在句首加do，肯定回答：Yes, 人称代词+do;否定回答：No，人称代词+don’
They have small
---They don’t have small
--- Do they have small eyes?
---Yes, they / No, they don’
表示所属关系
(1)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词
形容词性物主代词 my your his her our their its
名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers ours theirs its
? --Whose is this pen? Is it yours?
? --No, it’s not My pen is
(2)名词所有格
① 用于人或其他表示有生命的名词后：
? 单数或不以s结尾的复数+’s，如：Jane’s book;Women’s Day
? 以s结尾的复数+’如： Teachers’Day
? Lucy’s and Lily’s bags 分有
Lucy and Lily’s room 共有
Those are Jane’s Those shoes are Jane’
② of 表示所属关系，用于没有生命的物体，如：a map of China;a photo of my family
【重点短语】
invite to do 邀请某人做某事
of +形容词最高级+ 名词复数
say thanks/hello/sorry/good-bye to
向某人致谢/问好/道歉/告别
feel/taste/smell/look/sound/seem +
seem to do
seem+
it seems that+从句
a ticket for/to 一张……的票
lonely 孤独的
alone 独自的，一个人的
because of+ 因为，由于
cheer up使某人振作起来
care for =take care of = look after照顾
come into being 形成，产生
be full of = be filled with充满……
agree with 同意某人
make peace with 与某人和平相处
in the end =at last = finally最后，最终
be popular with 受某人欢迎
【词形变化】
邀请
invitation 邀请
失望的，沮丧的
disappointment 失望，沮丧
disappoint 使失望
使激动，使兴奋
excited 兴奋的，激动的(修饰人)
exciting 令人兴奋的，使人激动的(修饰物)
主要的
mainly 主要地
脸，面部
facial 面部的
担心
worried 担心的，担忧的
【重点句型】
are you doing?你好吗?
--Very 非常好。
a pity!多么遗憾呀!
—How do the flowers smell?
--They smell
--花闻起来怎么样?
--很好。
seems a little
他似乎有点不开心。
did the music sound?
音乐听起来怎么样?
say thanks to your mom for
请代我向你的妈妈致谢。
重点句型
What day is it today?---It’s (在英语国家每周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一)
What class are they having? They are having a music
What time does the class begin? At ten o’
What do you think of math? = How do you like math ? 你认为数学怎么样?
----It’s difficult and
Why (为什么)do you like English ? Because(因为)it’s easy and
What subject (学科)do you like best ? I like history
At school, my teachers and classmates are very friendly to
I study Chinese, English, politics, geography and some other
(other泛指其他的，别的+ 名词复数 another 泛指又一个、再一个、另一个+名词单数
the other 两者中的另一个)
English is my favorite
I also like and = I like and music , (也)
Can you tell me something about it?
重点详解
询问星期几用What day…?回答：It’s Wednesday/Sunday…。
与what有关的短语：what class什么班 what color什么颜色what time几点
What’s the date…? 是对日期(几号)的提问。
What day is it today? —It’s 问星期
What’s the date today?—It’s the May 问具体日期。
What do you do?—I’m a
What does he look like?—He is tall/He has a small 问外貌
What’s she like?—She is 问性格。
How many+可数名词的复数形式;How much+不可数名词。
How many lessons does he have every weekday?
in+时间段(in the morning/afternoon/evening
季节/月份/年份前也用in：in Spring/in October/in September，20XX)
in用于泛指一天的上午，下午，晚上等，也用于某个较长的时间，如年，月，季节等
at+时间点[钟点时(刻)(at 6 o’clock)
at noon at night at midnight at this time of the day
on+具体时间(具体日期、节日前on Sep 10th/Women’s Day/rainy Day)
在星期几常用on,在具体点钟前用
What do you think of …? = How do you like…?你认为……怎么样?
What one’s favorite…? = What does like best? 某人最喜欢什么?
Which subject do you like best?你最喜欢什么科目?
Why do you like it? 你为什么喜欢它?
--Because it’s easy and 因为它简单而有趣。
用why提问必须用because回答。Why? ----Because it’s
如果表示你为什么不用 Why not…? 或Why don’t you…?
be friendly to 对某人友好 My teachers are very friendly to
注： friendly是形容词 “友好的”“友善的”，而不是副词。
a lot = much“许多”，后接宾语时要说a lot of 也可以表示“非常，十分”。
I can learn a lot from 我能从中学到很多东西。
You must like English very 你一定非常喜欢英语。must在这里表示肯定推测。
It’s time for (doing) sth= it’s time to do 该做某事了
It’s time for 上课的时间到了.
+动词原形，它不随主语和数而变化。
(1)含有can的肯定句：主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他。
(2)变一般疑问句时，把can提前：Can+主语+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答：Yes，主语+can。否定回答：No，主语+can'
(3)含有can的否定句：主语+can't+动词的原形+其他。
(4)含有can的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他?
(5)Must 侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务做某事，只有现在时一种形式,
否定式must’t意为“一定不要，不允许，禁止”反意词为“needn’t”。
There be…用法
重点语法
There be 句型表示“某处存在某物或某人，表示一种客观存在，
而have“有”，表示“某人拥有某物/某人”表主观拥有，其主语是人。
There is a dog in the The dog has two big
当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。A week has seven =There are seven days in a
肯定句：There is a computer in your
否定句--在“be”后加“not”： There isn’t a computer in your
一般疑问句--将“be”提到“there”之前： Is there a computer in your study?
----Yes, there No, there isn’
特殊疑问句：There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： ① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用"Who's+介词短语?";
当主语是物时，用"What's + 介词短语?"。
注：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用is(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There are many things over →What's over there? There is a little girl in the →Who is in the room? ② 对地点状语提问：提问地点用"Where is / are+主语?"
“There + be+主语+地点状语”表示“某处有某物”;
例： There is a computer on the → Where is the computer? There are four children on the →Where are the four children?
地点状语也可放在句首，有时可用“，”与后面的部分隔开。
There are some pictures on the the wall, there are some
③ 对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构： How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语? How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?
there be 遵循就近原则。There be如果后面接两个名词作主语，那么“be”的人称和数与邻 近的名词一致。即be 用is还是are，取决于离该动词最近的那个名词。如果该名词是单数或不可数名词就用is，如果是复数就用are。
★就近原则： There is a lamp , a computer, some books and so
There are two boys and a girl under the
重点句型 There are two bedrooms and a a small
There is a lamp, a computer, some books and so
—Is there a computer in your study? —Yes, there
Don't put them Put them
There are many beautiful flowers in the garden,
but there aren’t any trees in 花园里有许多漂亮的花，但是却没有树。
重点讲解
’s on the second 在哪一层楼，用介词on。on表示在……上面。second是序数词，
前面要用定冠词the, 意为第二(的)。
on the first floor美式英语一楼floor地板，此处指“楼房的层”。
英式英语用the ground floor 表示一楼
巧辩异同 two与second
two是基数词，second是序数词，“第二”或“第二的”，指排列顺序。
have a look看看。后面接名词时要用 如have a look at your
put away 把……放好
Don’t put them Put them 别把它们放在这儿，请收起来放好。
look after“保管，照顾”，相当于take care ‘’
look at看…… look like看起来像…… look for寻找 look the same看起来一样
You must look after your 你必须保管好你的东西。
like to do sth 和 like doing sth的区别 二者都表示"喜欢做某事",
like doing sth表示长时间的喜欢做某事，指兴趣爱好。
在意义上比较一般和抽象，时间观念不强，不指某一次动作;例： She likes 她喜欢游泳。(经常性的，爱好) I like eating fish .(我喜欢吃鱼，个人口味而已，一种爱好，喜欢) I love playing on the computer in the 我喜欢在书房玩电脑。
(love doing doing 喜欢做某事)
like to do sth 则常指某个具体的动作，表示偶尔一次喜欢做某事、或者突然喜欢干某事。
与love to do相似 like to do sth 想去做某事(表示有个趋向性，好像是要到某处去做某事)
如: She likes to swim this 她今天下午想游泳。(特指某一次的动作)
另外,在搭配(使用方法)上,“ like to do ”一般与 “ would ” 搭配表示意愿。例： I would like to swim with you . 我愿意和你去游泳。
Would you like to skate ? 你愿意去滑冰吗?
get a letter from 收到某人的来信=hear from
Welcome to my new 【home作】 (对比Welcome home 欢迎回家【home作】)
so/too many+可数名词复数=many eg: There are so many books in the
so/too much+不可数名词 =much There is so much water in the
方位短语：in the center of=in the middle of在中间
in front of 在前面(外部)in the front of(内部)在前面
at the back of 在后面
on the left/right of在的左边/右边
next to 紧邻
go up”沿着“指往北走，或从小地方往大地方走
go down往南走，从大地方向小地方去
go along “沿着往前一直走”
go across 越过、穿过、横穿(go across the bridge)
a ticket for+n/ving eg: a ticket for
肯定的祈使句：(1) 实义动词原形+其他; (2) be动词原形+形容词+其他; (3) Let sb do
否定的祈使句：(1) Don’t+实义动词+原形;(2) Don’t be+形容词+其他;
(3) Don’t let sb do sth (4) No+
练：(1) My mother said to me, “Tom, _______ in ”
not read doesn’t read don’t read didn’t read
(2) Don’t __________ (fight). = No __________ (fight).
不要迟到：Don’t arrive = Don’t be (arrive = be)
上课/上学不要迟到：Don’t arrive (be) late for
主语省略(无主语)：Don’t arrive late for
主语不省略(有主语)：We can’t arrive ;ate for
重点词组
as a result 结果
here and there 到处
in the beginning 一开始
in danger 处于危险中
cut down 砍倒
change into 把……变成……
prevent from 防止
greenhouse effect 温室效应
refer to 提到
with 处理
off 中断
重点句型
As we know, none of us likes 众所周知,没有人喜欢污染。
Humans have come to realize the important of protecting 人类逐渐意识到保护动物的重要性。
Trees can also stop the wind blowing the earth 树木也能防风固土。
Cutting down trees is harmful to human beings, animals and 砍伐树木对人类、动植物都有害。
Some things we’ve done are very good for earth while some are not
我们所做的, 有些对地球很好,而有些不利。
They can also prevent the water from washing the earth 它们也能阻止水土流失。
When it rains or when the wind blows, the earth is taken 天一下雨或刮风, 土就会被冲走或刮走。
语法
不定代词:
定义: 指的是那些不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。
用法: 在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。something , somebody, anything, anybody等作主语时，通常视为单数。当形容词修饰它们时，要放在其后。
But the government has done something useful to protect the
Making New Friends
【重点短语】
good morning/ afternoon / evening 早上/下午/晚上好
glad / nice to meet / see you 见到你很高兴
welcome to + 地点 欢迎来到……
let’s + v 让我们做……
stand up 起立
sit down 坐下
this 这是……
thanks = thank you 谢谢
see you = see you later = goodbye 再见
ID number 身份证号码
be from=come from 来自
in English 用英语
【重要句型】
---What’s your name? ---My name is
---Where are you from? ---I’m from
---Where do you come from? ---I come from
---Where is he/ she from? ---He/She is from
---What’s this/ that in English? --- It’s a/ an…
---What’re these/ those in English? ---They’re…
---How do you spell it? ---E-R-A-S-E-R,
---Can you spell it? ---Yes, M-A-P,
—How old are you/ is he/ are they?
—I’m/ He is/ They are
—What’s your telephone number?
—It’s
—What class/ grade are you in?
—I’m in Class Ten, Grade (注意大小写)
Good morning/ afternoon/
—Hello!/Hi! —Hello!/Hi!
—Nice/Glad to see/meet —Nice/Glad to see/meet you,
—Welcome to China/my —
—How do you do? —How do you do?
—How are you? —Fine, thank And you? —I’m
—See you then/ —See
— —
—Thank —You’re ’s at
【重点语法】
元音字母：Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu
包含有以下元音的字母：
[e] Aa Hh Jj Kk
[i:] Ee Bb Cc Dd Gg Pp Tt Vv
[a?] Ii Yy
[ju:] Uu Qq Ww
[e] Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss X-x Zz
大小写
句首字母，人名，地名，称呼语，专有名词，星期的首字母要大写，引人注意。
? Look!Is that Jane?
? He comes from Hubei,
? Wang, this is my
? —What class are you in?
—I’m in Class Ten, Grade
? On Sunday, we go to the West Hill for a
Be动词的用法
? 我用am，你用are，is用于他、她、它，单数用is，复数就用are。
? 含be动词的陈述句变否定句在be后加not，变一般疑问句将be提前。
? 一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes, 人称代词+ be;否定回答：No, 人称代词+be + not。
如：---They are ---They are not
---Are they teachers? ---Yes, they No, they aren’
不定冠词、定冠词和and的用法
(1)不定冠词a, an的用法
a /an 都表示“一，一个”，a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,如：a book; a desk; an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如：an apple / an orange/ an English book;/ an English boy/ an old man;/an actor/ an English teacher/ an office
(2)the是定冠词，表特指，单复数前面都可用
? We are in the same
? The girl in a pink skirt is
? Where is the book?
? This isn’t my The blue one is
(3) and的用法
? 数字相加看做单数：Two and three is
? 颜色相加也是单数: Black and white is
? 人和事物相加是复数：Lucy and Lily are The pen and the eraser are Jane’
可数名词单数变复数
(1)规则变化
① 一般在名词词尾加-s，如：car---cars; photo---photos; toy---toys; boy---boys
② 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词，在词尾加--es，如：box---boxes; bus--buses
③ 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加es，如：baby--babies; family--families
4)以fe结尾，变fe为v再加es，如：knife--- knives
(2)不规则变化
如：foot---feet; man---men; woman---women; snowman---snowmen;
(3)集体名词：people, clothes, police, family
(4)成双出现的名词：shoes, pants(trousers), gloves, eyes, ears
九. 一词多义：An orange(桔子)is orange(橙色的).
’sthematter(withGina)?(蒂娜)怎么啦?
我喉咙痛。
也许你该看看牙医。
传统中医认为，保持身体健康需要体内阴阳二气的平衡。
,你应该吃热的阳性食品，比如牛肉。
’平衡饮食很重要。
你还应该吃些水果和其它的健康食品。
你应该躺下来休息。
我喜欢听音乐。
我确实需要些对话练习。
我经常头痛。
’好主意。
’msorrytohearthatyou’得知你身体不适，我很难过。
我希望你尽快好起来。
重点词组：
Why not… =Why don’t you…
go upstairs上楼
go downstairs下楼
A moment later一会以后
study 书房 学习
in the front of the house
在屋子（里面的）前面
in front of the house
在屋子（外面的）前面
talk about+n/v-ing谈论,议论,讨论某事
talk with 与某人交谈
put them away 把他们收拾好
Look after = take care of照顾
play with “与某人一起玩”
in the tree（外物附着）在树上
on the tree 树本身长出来的花，树叶等
on the wall在墙上
in the wall 在墙里
on the river浮在水面上
over the river 在河上（悬空）
tell sb about sth告诉某人关于某事
tell sb to do sth 让某人做某事
tell sb sth告诉某人某事
want to do 想要做某事
重点句型:
There are two bedrooms and a small
有两张床和一个小的书房。
There is a lamp, a computer, some books and so
有一个台灯，一个电脑，一些书等等。
— Is there a computer in your study?
在你的书房有一台电脑吗？
—Yes, there
是的，有。
Don't put them Put them
不要把他们放这儿，把他们收拾起来
There are many beautiful flowers in the garden, but there aren’t any trees in
花园里有许多漂亮的花，但是却没有树。
重点短语：
change to变成
no parking禁止停车
get/be hurt受伤
obey the traffic rules
遵守交通规则
keep on the right of the road
保持在路的右边
at the foot of 在…的脚下
hold sth in one’s hand
抓住某人的手
make +
使某人或某物做某事
t’s good to do
做某事是好的
重点句型：
问路
①Where is the bookstore?
②Is there a bookstore near here?
③Excuse me, is there a bank near here? 打扰了，请问附近有银行吗？
④Which is the way to the bookstore?
⑤How can I get to the bookstore?
⑥Could you tell me the way to the bookstore?
= Could you tell me how I can get to the bookstore?
= Could you tell me how to get to the bookstore?
= Could you tell me Where the bookstore is?
指路：
①Go along/down this road until……
Go up （Go along）this street to the end ,and you will find it on your
沿着这条街一直走到尽头，你就会发下银行在你左边。
②Turn left at the first turning
﹦Take the first turning on the
③Go straight ahead and you will see……
④It’s about 15 kilometres away from
Thank you all the same .
﹦Thanks 仍然谢谢你。
You can’t miss 你不能错过它。
You need to take bus ……
你需要乘718路公交车。
How far is it from here?
距这儿有多远？
Everybody must be careful and obey the traffic
每个人一定小心并且遵守交通规则。
We must stop and look both ways before we cross the
在我们过马路之前，我们必须停下来向路的两边看。
Be careful! Don't play on the
小心！不要在马路上玩。
Wait for your turn when the lights are
在红灯亮之前请等待
--How far is it from here? (问距离) 离这有多远？
--It’s about ten kilometers away from
离这有十千米远。
How can we make the roads safe?
我们怎样才能使道路安全？.
We must never play on the 我们绝对不能在街上玩耍。
= We must not play the
It’s good to help children and old people to cross the
帮助小孩和老人过马路是一种助人为乐的行为。
重点词组
1、Welcome back to+地点名词 欢迎回到
2、here 这有
3、Thank you 的几种回答：You are 不用谢
That's all 's /Not at /It's my pleasure! /My
4、look at 看(强调动作) look at the blackboard 看黑板
see 看见 see do 看到某人做过某事
see doing 看到某人正在做某事
watch 观看，仔细地看(比赛、电视等) read 看、阅读(书、报纸、杂志等)
5、be careful with 注意小心(对待)
6、from now on从现在开始 from then on从那时开始
7、talk to sb 和某人说话(侧重主动说)talk with sb 和某人说话(侧重两人都说)
talk about sth 谈论某事
8、look for 寻找(强调过程，不一定找到) find 找到 (强调结果)
9、get on the bus 上公交车 getoff the bus 下公交车
10、in a hurry 匆匆忙忙 hurry up=come on 快点儿，赶紧
11、hundreds of 成百的,数以百记的(大约数加s，加of)
hundred、thousand、 million、billion的用法：
(1).前面有具体数词时，不变复数： two thousand mobilephones
(2).后面加of时，本身变复数： hundreds of people
12、every day 每天 时间状语 everyday 每天的,日常的(形容词，后面接名词)
13、at the moment=at this moment=now 此时此刻，现在
atthat moment=then 在那时
1, 谢谢你的全家福Thanks for the photo of your
你的全家福 photo of your family = your family photo
2 谢谢你帮了我 Thanks for helping me =Thanks for your help
2 here be 句型和there be 句型一样 ，临近原则 Here is a cup of tea and two apples .
语法: 初中英语语法基础知识，也是初中英语考试的复习重点，河南中招英语考试。
1)单数名词加s: students, apples, bags, trees, books,
2)以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es: glasses, boxes, brushes,
3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es: cities, babies, )以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f为v加es: wives, 但有些词只加s: roofs, proof s,
5)以o结尾的名词，有生命的加es: Negroes, heroes, tomatoes, 无生命的加s: radio s, zoos, pianos,
6)不规则名词：foot→feet, goose→geese, tooth→teeth, child→children, man→me n, woman→women, sheep→sheep, deer→deer, mouse→mice
7)集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如： peoplepolicecattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman
1 policeman- policemen 2 woman doctor- women doctors 3 thief-thieves
注意:
◎ policeman和policewoman的复数形式是policemen和policewo-men，postman 和post woman也是如此
◎如waiter和waitress、actor和actress是有男女区别的，在形容女士时要注意
原句:I want to be an
want
want sth 想要某物
Eg: He wants a want to do sth 想要做某事
Eg: She wants to go want sb to do sth 想让某人做某事
want to be …想成为……
Eg:I want to be an
ask sb question 问某人问题
go out to dinners 出去吃饭
work for sb as a/an…
作为……(身份)为某人工作
work late 工作到很晚
work hard 工作很努力
call sb at…
给某人打……(电话号码)
【微语】冒充内行不仅需要冷静，有时候还需要你所冒充的内行的全副本领。
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