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发布时间: 2024年11月23日 22:07
真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是如果的意思。
时态关系
句型： 条件从句 主句
一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形
If he comes, he will bring his
典型例题
The volleyball match will be put off if it
rain rains rained is rained
答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。
注意：
1) 在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall,
(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret
(对) If you leave now, you will never regret
2) 表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。
1)时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。
同现在事实相反的假设。
句型 ： 条件从句主句
一般过去时should( would) +动词原形
If they were here, they would help
表示于过去事实相反的假设。
句型： 条件从句 主句
过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词
If she had worked harder, she would have
The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more
If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from
If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about
含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about
If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater
含义： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater
表示对将来的假想
句型： 条件从句 主句
一般过去时 should+ 动词原形
were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形
should+ 动词原形
If you succeeded, everything would be all
If you should succeed, everything would be all
If you were to succeed, everything would be all
混合条件句
主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。
If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do
(从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。)
If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).
There was plenty of She
mustn't have hurried couldn't have must not hurry needn't have hurried
答案D。needn't have 意为"本不必"，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不必要。
Mustn't have done 用法不正确，对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldn't have done, "不可能已经"。must not do 不可以(用于一般现在时)。
1) It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。
句型：
(1)suggested
It is (2)importantthat…+ (should) do
(3) a pity
(1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted; + (should) do
(2)important, necessary, natural, strange
a pity, a shame, no wonder
(3)It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next
It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting
2)在宾语从句中的应用
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。
order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do
I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next
He insisted that he (should ) be sent
注意： 如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the
判断改错:
(错)You pale face suggests that you (should) be
(对) Your pale face suggests that you are
(错) I insisted that you ( should) be
(对) I insisted that you were
3)在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用
在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即(should)+动词原形。
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the
I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next
1)时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。
同现在事实相反的假设。
句型 ： 条件从句主句
一般过去时should( would) +动词原形
If they were here, they would help
表示于过去事实相反的假设。
句型： 条件从句 主句
过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词
If she had worked harder, she would have
The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more
If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from
If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about
含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about
If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater
含义： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater
表示对将来的假想
句型： 条件从句 主句
一般过去时 should+ 动词原形
were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形
should+ 动词原形
If you succeeded, everything would be all
If you should succeed, everything would be all
If you were to succeed, everything would be all
混合条件句
主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。
If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do
(从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。)
If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).
虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。
Were they here now, they could help
=If they were here now, they could help
Had you come earlier, you would have met him
=If you had come earlier, you would have met
Should it rain, the crops would be
=Were it to rain, the crops would be
注意：
在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。
If I were you, I would go to look for
如果我是你，就会去找他。
If he were here, everything would be all
如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。
典型例题
_____ to do the work, I should do it some other
If were I I Were Was I
答案 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to , 而不能说 Weren't I to
1) It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。
句型：
(1)suggested
It is (2)importantthat…+ (should) do
(3) a pity
(1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted; + (should) do
(2)important, necessary, natural, strange
a pity, a shame, no wonder
(3)It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next
It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting
2)在宾语从句中的应用
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。
order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do
I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next
He insisted that he (should ) be sent
注意： 如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the
判断改错:
(错)You pale face suggests that you (should) be
(对) Your pale face suggests that you are
(错) I insisted that you ( should) be
(对) I insisted that you were
3)在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用
在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即(should)+动词原形。
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the
I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next
1)用于wish后面的从句，表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为：
真实状况wish后
从句动作先于主句动词动作现在时过去时
(be的过去式为 were)
从句动作与主句动作同时发生过去时过去完成时
(had + 过去分词)
将来不大可能实现的愿望将来时would/could +
动词原形
I wish I were as tall as 我希望和你一样高。
He wished he hadn't said 他希望他没讲那样的话。
I wish it would rain 我希望明天下雨就好了。
2)Wish to do表达法。
Wish sb / sth to do
I wish to see the = I want to see the
I wish the manager to be informed at (= I want the manager to be informed at )
比较if only与only if
only if表示"只有";if only则表示"如果……就好了"。If only也可用于陈述语气。
I wake up only if the alarm clock 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。
If only the alarm clock had 当时闹钟响了，就好了。
If only he comes 但愿他早点回来。
It is (high) time that
It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。
It is time that the children went to
It is high time that the children should go to
need "不必做"和"本不该做"
didn't need to do表示： 过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做。.
needn't have done表示： 过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。
John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didn't need to walk back 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家了。
John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she needn't have walked back 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了。(Mary步行回家，没有遇上John的车。)
There was plenty of She
mustn't have hurried couldn't have must not hurry needn't have hurried
答案D。needn't have 意为"本不必"，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不必要。
Mustn't have done 用法不正确，对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldn't have done, "不可能已经"。must not do 不可以(用于一般现在时)。
【微语】天冷了，许多同学围上围巾，戴上帽子，还是觉得冷：跑步的同学，有的半弓着背，缩着脖子，有的不时哈气暖手，从嘴里吐出团团白气。
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