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成人英语三级考试:语法非谓语动词(1)

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发布时间: 2024年11月24日 08:56

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近几年的语法测试中非谓语动词约占31.1%,平均每年近5道题,可谓是语法项目考查的重点,那么非谓语动词的考查都有哪些特点,解答时又应注意些什么呢?下面我和大家就一起来分析一下:

1) 谓语动词与非谓语动词的判断

对谓语动词与非谓语动词区别的考查主要集中在独立主格结构,如:

All things ___ because of the snowstorm,many passengers could do nothing but take the train.

A. had been canceled B. have been canceled

C. were canceled D. having been canceled转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com

四个选项中有三个是谓语动词,只有D是非谓语动词,只要同学们能判断出这里是非谓语动词做状语,则不用考虑时态的问题,答案自明。

2) 谓语动词后不定式与动名词的选择

谓语动词后接不定式还是接动名词也是三级语法测试中的一个题眼。如:

① I don't mind ____ the decision as long as it is not too late.

A. you to delay making B. your delaying making

C. your delaying to make D. you delay to make

② Had I remembered ____ the windows,the thief would not have got in.

A. to close B. closing

C. to have closed D. having closed

③ Your hair wants ______ . You'd better have it done tomorrow.

A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. being cut

这类题涉及三个方面:

谓语动词后应该接不定式还是动名词?转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com

即可接不定式又可接动名词时,结构和意思上有何差别?

不定式与动名词用主动形式还是用被动形式?

3) 做定语的非谓语动词的选择

从近几年的考查情况来看,对做定语的非谓语动词的考查有两种情况:

(1)对一般概念的考查,而不是固定结构中的非谓语动词做定语。如:

① The project ____ by the end of 2000,will expand the city's telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.

A. accomplished B. being accomplished

C. to be accomplished D. having been accomplished

② If I correct someone,I will do it with so much good humor and self-restraint as if I were the one ______.

A. to correct B. correcting

C. having been corrected D. being corrected

同学们只要掌握非谓语动词做定语的一般的规律,就可以判断①题答案为C,②题答案为D。

(2)对固定结构的考查,如:

① The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his arguments in favor of the new theory.

A. to be based on B. to base on

C. which to base on D. on which to base

② The pressure _____ causes Americans to be energetic,but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain.

A. to compete B. competing

C. to be competed D. having competed

①题为不定式做定语的固定形式,答案为D,②题为某些特定名词的定语结构,

成人英语三级考试:语法非谓语动词(1)

答案为A。在英语中有些名词,如动词变来的名词,形容词变来的名词,以及means,way,time,moment,reason等要求其后用不定式做定语,不定式没有体的变化。

4) 做状语的非谓语动词的选择

做状语的非谓语动词主要考查其各种形式的选择,如:

① ______ the earth to be flat,many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth.

A. Having believed B. Believing

C. Believed D. Being Believed

② _______ a teacher in a university,it is necessary to have at least a master's degree.

A. To become B. Become C. One becomes D. On becoming

③ Realizing that he hadn't enough money and ____ to borrow from his father,he decided to sell his watch.

A. not wanted B. no to want C. not wanting D. wanting not

④ ___ it or not,his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.

A. Believe B. To believe C. Believing D. Believed

从以上各题来看,考查的侧重点有:

(1)状语类别的判断

不同的状语对非谓语动词的要求不同,目的状语要求用不定式,如②。

(2)非谓语动词与句子属于之间的逻辑关系

根据主谓关系或动宾关系的不同来确定用现在分词还是用过去分词。

(3)非谓语动词的否定形式

not否定非谓语动词时置于非谓语动词之前,如③。

(4) 独立成分

有些非谓语动词的使用不受与句子主语关系的限制,称为独立成分,这类成 分只记忆即可。如:

generally speaking,judging from...,to tell the truth...,等。

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